Morphological variability and genetic diversity of Aman rice germplasm of Bangladesh cultivated in Mymensingh region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.1304Keywords:
Oryza sativa, variability, yield and related traits, correlation, path co-efficient, heritability, cluster analysisAbstract
Thirty-one Aman rice germplasm were evaluated to assess their morphological variability and genetic diversity considering ten quantitative and thirty one qualitative traits at the field experimental plot of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, following randomized complete block design. The germplasm showed significant differences for all the studied traits. The highest grain yield/plant was recorded in Sentu-16 whereas the lowest was found in Gaindha. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was lower than those of the corresponding phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the traits. High PCV and GCV along with heritability, genetic advance (GA) and GA in percentage of mean were recorded for number of filled grains/panicle and number of unfilled grains/panicle. Grain yield/plant had positively significant correlation with plant height, number of total tillers/hill, number of effective tillers/hill, number of filled grains/panicle and thousand grain weight. Path co-efficient analysis suggested that grain yield/plant had positive direct effect in association with days to fifty percent flowering, number of effective tillers/hill, panicle length, number of filled grains/panicle and thousand grain weight. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three components accounted for 79.57% of cumulative variance. Cluster analyses were revealed that the studied rice germplasm organized into five clusters based on D2 values where maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and V. Qualitative characterization by distinctness, uniformity and stability test revealed that a wide range of variation was observed among the genotypes. Therefore, this study would be useful for breeders to choose and identify the revival and preservation of beneficial genes for crop improvement.
Downloads
References
Shelley I, Takahashi-Nosaka M, Kano-Nakata M, Haque M, Inukai Y. Rice cultivation in Bangladesh: present scenario, problems and prospects: a review. J Int Coop Agri Dev. 2016;14:20–29
Ahmed MS, Rashid ESMH, Akter N and Khalequzzaman M. Morphological characterization and diversity of T. Aman rice germplasm of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 2020;22(2):13-22. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v22i2.44038
Haque MM, Majumder RR, Hore TK, Biswash MR. Yield contributing characters effect of submerged water levels of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Scientia. 2015;9(1):23-29. https://doi.org/10.15192/PSCP.SA.2015.9.1.2329
FAOSTAT. FAO Statistical Yearbook. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, FAO, Rome, Italy; 2016
BBS. The year book of agricultural statistics of Bangladesh. Statistical Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka. 2018;123-127
Tang SX, Jiang YZ, Wei XH, Li ZC, Yu HY. Genetic diversity of isozymes of cultivated rice in China. Acta Agron Sin. 2002;28:203-07
Dutta RK, Lahiri BP, Mian MA. Characterization of some aromatic and fine rice cultivars in relation to their physico-chemical quality of grains. Indian J Plant Physiol. 1998;3(1):61-64
IRRI. Scuba rice: breeding flood tolerance to Asia’s local mega rice varieties. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philipines; 2010
Hasan MJ, Rahman MH, Akter A, Kulsum MU, Islam A. Assessment of appropriate doses of GA3 and row ratio for better seed yield of a promising hybrid rice variety. Bangladesh Rice J. 2015; 19(1):49-53. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i1.25221
Siddiq EA 2002: Exploiting means to adapt GM rice. The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture. Kasturi and Sons Limited, Chennai; 2002. p. 47-52
Islam N, Kabir MY, Adhikary SK, Jahan MS. Yield performance of six local aromatic rice cultivars. Scholars J Agric Vet Sci. 2013;6(3):58-62. https://doi.org/10.9790/2380-0635862
Akhtar N, Nazir MF, Rabnawaz A, Mahmood T, Safdar ME, Asif M, et al. Estimation of heritability, correlation and path coefficient analysis in fine grain rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Anim Plant Sci. 2011;21(4):660- 64
Ahmadizadeh M, Nori A, Shahbazi H, Aharizad S. Correlated response of morpho-physiological traits of grain yield in durum wheat under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions in greenhouse. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10(85):19771-79. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.2371
Ndour D. Tests of agro-morphological characterization and genetics of salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Senegal River Delta. Memory Master II. Dakar: University; 1998. p. 1-27
Johnson HW, Robinson HF, Comstock RE. Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybeans. J Agron. 1955;47: 314-18. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1955.00021962004700070009x
Singh DN, Sahu A, Parida AK. Genetic variability and correlation studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). J Environ Ecol. 1997;15:135-41
Comstock RE, Robinson HF. Genetic parameters, their estimation and significance. Proceedings of the Sixth International Grassland Congress 1; 1952. p. 284-291
Singh RK, Choudhury BD. Biometrical Method in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, New Delhi, India; 1985. p. 318
Bhadru D, Rao VT, Mohan YC, Bharathi D. Genetic variability and diversity studies in yield and its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Breed Genet. 2012;44(1):129-137
Chakravorty A, Bhaumik S, Ghosh A. Studies on variability and interrelationship of panicle components and their association with grain yield in traditional rice. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 2012;2(5):35-40. https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-0253540
Sumanth V, Suresh BG, Ram BJ, Srujana G. Estimation of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for grain yield components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2017;6(4):1437-39
Haque M, Biswas MR. Characterization of commercially cultivated hybrid rice in Bangladesh. World J Agric Sci. 2014;10(6):300-07
Sarkar SC. Performance of five selected hybrid rice varieties in Aman season. MS Thesis. Dhaka: Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University; 2014
Saha SR. Morpho-molecular and grain quality characterization of rice landraces. MS Thesis. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2018
Shahriar MH. Morphological characterization and SSR-based molecular screening of advanced breeding lines of transplanted Aman rice for short growth duration. MS thesis. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2014
Patnaik SSC, Mohanty SK. Improving productivity of rain-fed, shallow favorable lowland and irrigated rice production system. CRRI Annual Report; 2006. p. 17
Marambe B. Properties of rice growing in abandoned paddies in Sri Lanka. In: Gressel J, editor. Crop Ferality and Volunterism. Sri Lanka; 2005. p. 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420037999.ch18
Saha R. Study of agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency of urea super granule on transplanted Aman rice. MS Thesis. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2013
Hoque A. Morpho-physiological and molecular characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) advanced breeding lines for earliness. MS Thesis. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2013
Riba UST. Characterization of jhum rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm through morpho-molecular approaches. MS Thesis. Mymensingh: Bangladesh Agricultural University; 2018
Ranawake AL, Amarasingha UGS, Dahanayake N. Agronomic characters of some traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in Sri Lanka. Ruhuna J Sci. 2013;1(1):3-9. https://doi.org/10.4038/jur.v1i1.6150
Hasanuzzaman M, Hossain MA, Teixeira da Silva JA, Fujita M. Plant responses and tolerance to abiotic oxidative stress: antioxidant defenses is a key factors. In: V Bandi, AK Shanker, C Shanker, M Mandapaka, editors. Crop Stress and Its Management: Perspectives and Strategies. Springer, Berlin, Germany; 2008. p. 261–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2220-0_8
Ashfaq M, Khan AS, Khan SHU, Ahmad R. Association of various morphological traits with yield and genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Agric Biol.2012;14:55-62
Khanam AA. Characterization and comparative assessment of ten advanced lines of Aus rice (Oryza sativa L.). MS Thesis. Dhaka: Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University; 2018
Bose LK, Pradhan SK. Genetic divergence in deep water rice genotypes. Eur J Control. 2005;6(4):635-40
Joshi MA, Sarao NK, Sharma RC, Singh P, Bharaj TS. Varietal characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on morphological descriptors. Seed Sci Res. 2007;35(2):188-93
Rahman AKMH, Islam MM, Nadim MKA, Akter SE, Alim SMA and Noor MMA. Genetic variability analysis of different yield contributing characters of cultivated T. Aman rice (Oryza sativa) varieties. J Biosci Agric Res. 2021; 27(01):2258-2266.
Rashmi D, Saha S, Loitongbam B, Singh S, Singh PK. Genetic variability study for yield and yield components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Agric Environ Biotechnol. 2017;10(2):171-76. https://doi.org/10.5958/2230-732X.2017.00020.1
Sanghera GS, Kashyap SC. Genetic parameters and selection indices in F3 progenies of hill rice genotypes. Not Sci Biol. 2012;4(4):110-14. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb448275
Edukondalu B, Reddy VR, Rani TS, Kumari CA, Soundharya B. Studies on variability, heritability, correlation and path analysis for yield, yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6(10):2369-76. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.279
Gour L, Koutu GK, Singh SK, Patel DD, Shrivastava A, Singh Y. Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for selection in elite breeding materials of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes in Madhya Pradesh. J Pharma Innov. 2017a;6(11):693-96
Srujana G, Suresh BG, Lavanya GR, Ram BJ, Sumanth V. Studies on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and quality components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2017;6(4):564-66
Chakravorty A, Ghosh PD, Sahu PK. Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity of landraces of rice of West Bengal. Am J Exp Agric. 2013;3(1):110-23. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEA/2013/2303
Vanisree S, Swapna K, Raju CD, Raju CS, Sreedhar M. Genetic variability and selection criteria in rice. J Biol Sci Opinion. 2013;1(4):341-46. https://doi.org/10.7897/2321-6328.01413
Babu VR, Shreya K, Dangi KS, Usharani G, Nagesh P. Genetic variability studies for qualitative and quantitative traits in popular rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrids of India.
Int J Sci Res. 2012;2(6):1-5
Pandey VR, Anurag J. Estimation of genetic parameters in indigenous rice. Adv Agric Bot. 2010;2(1):79-84
Subbaiah PV, Sekhar MR, Reddy KHP, Reddy NPE. Variability and genetic parameters for grain yield and its components and kernel quality attributes in CMS based rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Appl Biol Pharm. 2011;2:603-09
Kalyan B, Krishna KVR, Rao LVS. Correlation coefficient analysis for yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6(7):2425-30. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.287
Sameera S, Srinivas T, Rajesh AP, Jayalakshmi V, Nirmala PJ. Variability and path coefficient for yield and yield components in rice. Bangladesh J Agric Res. 2016;41(2):259-71. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i2.28229
Reddy GE, Suresh BG, Sravan T, Reddy PA. Interrelationship and cause-effect analysis of rice genotypes in North East plain zone. The Bioscan. 2013;8(4):1141-44
Kumar S, Chauhan MP, Tomar A, Kasana RK, Kumar N. Correlation and path coefficient analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Pharma Innov. 2018; 7(6):20-26
Lakshmi VM, Suneetha Y, Yugandhar G, Lakshmi VN. Correlation studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2014;5(2):121-26
Akhi AH, Miah MAK, Ivy NA, Islam A, Islam MZ. Association of yield and yield related traits in aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bangladesh J Agric Res. 2016;41(3):387-96. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i3.29710
Ratna M, Begum A, Husna A, Dey SR, Hossain MS. Correlation and path coefficients analysis in basmati rice. Bangladesh J Agric Res. 2015;40(1):153-61. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v40i1.23768
Patel JR, Saiyad MR, Prajapati KN, Patel RA, Bhavani RT. Genetic variability and character association studies in rain-fed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electron J Plant Breed. 2014;5(3):531-37
Devi KR, Chandra BS, Lingaiah N, Hari Y, Venkanna V. Analysis of variability, correlation and path coefficient studies for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). AgricSci Digest. 2017;37(1):1-9.https://doi.org/10.18805/asd.v0iOF.7328
Manikyaminnie C, Reddy DT, Raju CS. Correlation and path analysis for yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Sci Res. 2013;41(1):132-34. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2018.00076.5
Islam MZ, Akter N, Chakrabarty T, Bhuiya A, Siddique MA, Khalequzzaman M. Agro-morphological characterization and genetic diversity of similar named aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 2018;22(1):45-56. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v22i1.41836
Ma M, Meng H, Wang T, Lu B. Phenotype diversity analysis of red-grained rice landraces from Yuanyang Hani’s terraced fields. In: AIP Conference Proceedings; Shanghai, China; 2017. p. 1890:040110. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5005312
Maji AT, Shaibu AA. Application of principal component analysis for rice germplasm characterization and evaluation. J Plant Breed Crop Sci. 2012;4(6):87-93. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPBCS11.093
Yugandhar PR, Kota S, Kiran BU, Sridhar M. Principal component analysis for agro-morphological and quality characters in germplasm of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Adv Biol Res. 2018;8(2):268-73
Gour L, Maurya SB, Koutu GK, Singh SK, Shukla SS, Mishra DK. Characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes using principal component analysis including scree plot and rotated component matrix. Int J Chem Stud. 2017b;5(4):975-83
Ojha GC, Sarawgi AK, Sharma B, Parikh M. Principal component analysis of morpho-physiological traits in rice germplasm accessions (Oryza sativa L.) under rainfed condition. Int J Chem Stud. 2017;5(5):1875-78
Khatun MT, Hanafi MM, Rafii YM, Wong MY, Salleh FM, Ferdous J. Genetic variation, heritability and diversity analysis of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on quantitative traits. Intal J Biol Medical Res. 2015;5(1):122-30.https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/290861
Sinha AK, Mishra PK. Agro-morphological characterization and morphology based genetic diversity analysis of landraces of rice variety (Oryza sativa L.) of Bankura district of West Bengal. Int J Curr Res. 2013;5(10):2764-69
Maurya BK, Singh PK, Verma OP, Mandal DK. Genetic variability and divergence analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under sodic soil. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6(10):2865-69.https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.336
Ashok S, Jyothula DPB, Ratnababu D. Genetic divergence studies for yield, yield components and grain quality parameters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electron J Plant Breed. 2017;8(4):1240-46. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2017.00178.8
Ahmed MS, Parveen S, Bashar MK, Shamsuddin AKM. Genetic divergence of balam rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 2015;19(1):9-14. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i1.25214
Parikh M, Motiramani NK, Rastogi NK, Sharma B. Agro-morphological characterization and assessment of variability in aromatic rice germplasm. Bangladesh J Agric Res. 2012;37(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11168
Moukoumbi YD, Sié M, Vodouhe R, N’dri1 B, Toulou B, Ogunbayo SA, et al. Assessing phenotypic diversity of interspecific rice varieties using agro-morphological characterization. J Plant Breed Crop Sci. 2011;3(5):74-86
Mehla BS, Kumar S. Use of morphological traits as descriptors for identification of rice genotype. AgricSci Digest. 2008;28(2):104
Sarawgi AK, Parikh M, Sharma B, Sharma D. Phenotypic divergence for agro-morphological traits among dwarf and medium duration rice germplasm and inter-relationship between their quantitative traits. J Plant Breed Genet. 2014;1677-81
Chakravorty A, Ghosh PD. Characterization of landraces of rice following DUS guidelines. Res Plant Biol. 2012;2(6):30-40
Manjunatha GA, Elsy CR, Rajendran P, Joseph J, Francies RM, Krishnan S. DUS characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of wayanad, Kerala. Electronic J Plant Breed. 2018;9(2):617-30. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420037999.ch18
Pragnya K, Krishna RKV, Rao LVS, Suneetha K. Studies on morphological characterization in soft rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2018;7(5):1348-74. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.705.162
Hoan NT, Kinh NN, Bang BB, Tram NT, Qui TD, Bo NV. Hybrid Rice Research and Development in Vietnam. In: SS Virmani, EA Siddiq, Muralidharan, editors. Advances in Hybrid Rice Technology; 1998. p. 325-41
Bora R, Deka SD, Sen P. Identification of rice varieties of Assam based on grain characters and reaction to certain chemical tests. Seed Sci Res. 2008;36(1):51-55
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Fahmida Reza Emi, Hadisa Khatun, Fahmina Yasmine, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Mohammad Anwar Hossain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).