A review on detailed understanding and recent advances on Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose of chilli.

Kartik Sawant; Devendra Kumar; Archana T. S; Sanket Sudhakar Chavan; Ajay Chavan; Sumanth Kumar Reddy; Chandhrapati Akhilesh; Vipul Kumar; Rafakat Hussain; Siddhesh Kolhe

doi:10.14719/pst.2196

Authors

Kartik Sawant Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5351-9576
Devendra Kumar Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-5820
Archana T. S Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-1356
Sanket Sudhakar Chavan Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2122-8656
Ajay Chavan Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5128-0001
Sumanth Kumar Reddy Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4091-4934
Chandhrapati Akhilesh Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-3915
Vipul Kumar Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-7967
Rafakat Hussain Department of Plant Science, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-8763
Siddhesh Kolhe Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7156-8133

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2196

Keywords:

Anthracnose, Colletotrichum capsici, Detection, Management

Abstract

Chilli is one of the most significant spice crops cultivated with numerous culinary, medicinal, and industrial applications. Colletotrichum have a wide host range causing anthracnose disease in various crops whereas in chili anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici is the major constraint in chili production. Under severe environmental conditions, the symptoms appear all over the plant including fruit which lead to complete crop damage. The particular disease has a huge economic impact on yield reduction and also debars the export criteria due to the less quality of chili crop. Management of the disease is difficult under field conditions and majority of the management strategies are highly dependent on the use of chemicals. Solely rely on chemicals is harmful to environmental and human health so integrated disease management approach can help to manage the disease at the initial stage. Detection and identification of pathogen play a major role in pathogen management. Early identification and detection of the pathogen based on conventional and molecular methods are very important to reduce yield loss under field conditions. The current review consists of a detailed understanding of the pathogen, identification, detection and diagnosis, and the most recent research updates.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Sharf W, Javaid A, Shoaib A, Khan IH (2021). Induction of resistance in chili against Sclerotium rolfsii by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and Anagallis arvensis. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 31: 16.

Bosland PW, Votava EJ, Votava EM. Peppers: vegetable and spice capsicums. Cabi; 2012.

Saxena A, Raghuwanshi R, Gupta VK, Singh HB. Chilli anthracnose: the epidemiology and management. Frontiers in microbiology. 2016 Sep 30; 7:1527.

Kommula SK, Reddy GP, Undrajavarapu P, Kanchana KS. Effect of Various Factors (Temperature, pH and Light Intensity) on Growth of Colletotrichum capsici Isolated from Infected Chilli. Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2017;5(6):535-43.

Nbsp; FAOSTAT Production—Crops. Available online: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#compare (accessed on 11 March 2019).

Dubey MK, Zehra A, Aamir M, Yadav M, Samal S, Upadhyay RS. Isolation, identification, carbon utilization profile and control of Pythium graminicola, the causal agent of chili damping?off. Journal of Phytopathology. 2020 Feb;168(2):88-102.

Javaid A, Afzal R, Shoaib A (2020). Biological management of southern blight of chili by Penicillium oxalicum and leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 23(1): 93-102.

PP, Jeewon R, Hyde KD, Pongsupasamit S, Mongkolporn O, Taylor PW. Characterization and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose on chili (Capsicum spp.) in Thailand. Plant pathology. 2008 Jun;57(3):562-72

Silva D, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW, Ades PK, Taylor P. Identification, prevalence and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose of Capsicum annuum in Asia. IMA Fungus 10: 2–32 4.

Sun PP, Cui JC, Jia XH, Wang WH (2018) Complete genome analysis of Bacillus velezensis L-1 and its inhibitory effect on pear gray and blue mold. Acta Microbiologica Sinica. 2019; 58:1637-46.

Mishra A, Ratan V, Trivedi S, Dabbas MR, Shankar K, Singh AK, Dixit S, Srivastava Y. Survey of anthracnose and wilt of chili: A potential threat to chili crop in central Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2018;7(2):1970-6.

Oo MM, Oh SK. Chilli anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) disease and its management approach. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science. 2016;43(2):153-62

Jabeen N, Javaid A, Shoaib A, Khan IH (2021). Management of southern blight of bell pepper by soil amendment with dry biomass of Datura metel. Journal of Plant Pathology 103(3): 901-913.

Jabeen N, Khan IH, Javaid A (2022). Fungicidal potential of leaf extract of Datura metel L. to control Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Allelopathy Journal 56(1): 59-68.

Shabana YM, Abdel-Fattah GM, Ismail AE, Rashad YM. Control of brown spot pathogen of rice (Bipolaris oryzae) using some phenolic antioxidants. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2008; 39:438-44.

Hadi MR, Balali GR. The effect of salicylic acid on the reduction of Rhizoctonia solani damage in the tubers of marfona potato cultivar. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 2010;7(4):492-6.

Paul YS, Behl MK. Some studies on bell pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici and its control. Seed Research. 1993:656-.

Sharma G, Shenoy BD. Colletotrichum fructicola and C. siamense are involved in chili anthracnose in India. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant protection. 2014 Jun 15;47(10):1179-94.

Sharma PN, Katoch A, Sharma P, Sharma SK, Sharma OP. First report on association of Colletotrichum coccodes with chili anthracnose in India. Plant Disease. 2011 Dec;95(12):1584-.

De Silva DD, Ades PK, Crous PW, Taylor PW. Colletotrichum species associated with chili anthracnose in Australia. Plant Pathology. 2017 Feb;66(2):254-67.

Voorrips RE, Finkers R, Sanjaya L, Groenwold R. QTL mapping of anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) resistance in a cross between Capsicum annuum and C. chinense. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 2004 Oct;109(6):1275-82.

Park KS, Kim CH. Identification, distribution and etiological characteristics of anthracnose fungi of red pepper in Korea. The Plant Pathology Journal. 1992 Mar;8(1):61-9.

Dastur JF. 1920. Glomerella cingulate (Stoneman) Splad and its conidial form, Gloeosporium piperatum E. and E. and Colletotrichum nigrum E. and Hals. On Chilli and Carica papaya. Annals of Applied Biology 6:245-268.

CPC. 2007. Crop Protection Compendium 2007.

Johnston PR, Jones D. Relationships among Colletotrichum isolates from fruit-rots assessed using rDNA sequences. Mycologia. 1997 May 1;89(3):420-30.

Pearson MN, Bull PB, Speke H. Anthracnose of capsicum in Papua New Guinea; varietal reaction and associated fungi. International Journal of Pest Management. 1984 Sep 1;30(3):230-3.

Manandhar JB, Hartman GL, Wang TC. Anthracnose development on pepper fruits inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. 1995.

Than PP, Prihastuti H, Phoulivong S, Taylor PW, Hyde KD. Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. 2008 Oct;9(10):764-78.

Don LD, Van TT, Phuong Vy TT, Kieu PT. Colletotrichum spp. attacking on chilli pepper growing in Vietnam. Country report. InAbstracts of the first international symposium on chilli anthracnose, Seoul National University, Seoul 2007 Sep 17 (Vol. 24).

Kumar BK, Munshi AD, Joshi S, Kaur C. Note on evaluation of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes for biochemical constituents. 2003.

Kumar S, Kumar R, Singh J. Cayenne/American pepper. In Handbook of herbs and spices 2006 Jan 1 (pp. 299-312). Woodhead Publishing

Bhavani B, Anilkumar C, Rao AM, Ramesh S. Genetics of fruit oleoresin and capsaicin contents in chilli inter-species (Capsicum annuum× C. chinense) cross. Plant Genetic Resources. 2020 Feb;18(1):28-30.

Saleh BK, Omer A, Teweldemedhin B. Medicinal uses and health benefits of chili pepper (Capsicum spp.): a review. MOJ Food Process Technol. 2018;6(4):325-8.

Shimoda K, Nishida K, Hamada H. Enzymatic synthesis and antiobese properties of ?-maltooligosaccharides of capsaicin and 8-nordihydrocapsaicin. Biochemistry Insights. 2009; 67:2256-61.

Kwon DY, Kim YS, Ryu SY, Cha MR, Yon GH, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Kang S, Park S. Capsiate improves glucose metabolism by improving insulin sensitivity better than capsaicin in diabetic rats. The journal of nutritional biochemistry. 2013 Jun 1;24(6):1078-85.

Mori A, Lehmann S, O'Kelly J, Kumagai T, Desmond JC, Pervan M, McBride WH, Kizaki M, Koeffler HP. Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, inhibits the growth of androgen-independent, p53 mutant prostate cancer cells. Cancer research. 2006 Mar 15;66(6):3222-9.

Freeman S, Katan T, Shabi E. Characterization of Colletotrichum species responsible for anthracnose diseases of various fruits. Plant disease. 1998 Jun;82(6):596-605.

Agostini JP, Timmer LW, Mitchell DJ. Morphological and pathological characteristics of strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from citrus. Phytopathology. 1992 Nov 1;82(11):1377-82.

Liyanage HD, McMillan RT, Kistler HC. Two genetically distinct populations of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from citrus. Phytopathology. 1992;82(11):1371-6.

Sutton BC. The genus Glomerella and its anamorph Colletotrichum. The genus Glomerella and its anamorph Colletotrichum. 1992:1-26.

Shenoy BD, Jeewon R, Lam WH, Bhat DJ, Than PP, Taylor PW, Hyde KD. Morpho-molecular characterisation and epitypification of Colletotrichum capsici (Glomerellaceae, Sordariomycetes), the causative agent of anthracnose in chilli. Fungal Diversity. 2007 Oct 31;27(1):197-211

Cannon PF, Bridge PD, Monte E. Linking the past, present and future of Colletotrichum systematics. Colletotrichum: host specificity, pathology and host-pathogen interaction. 2000:1-20.

Sreenivasaprasad S, Talhinhas P. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity in Colletotrichum acutatum, a cosmopolitan pathogen causing anthracnose on a wide range of hosts. Molecular plant pathology. 2005 Jul;6(4):361-78.

Moriwaki J, Tsukiboshi T, Sato T. Grouping of Colletotrichum species in Japan based on rDNA sequences. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2002 Dec;68(4):307-20.

Photita W, Taylor PW, Ford R, Hyde KD, Lumyong S. Morphological and molecular characterization of Colletotrichum species from herbaceous plants in Thailand. Fungal Diversity. 2005 Feb 1; 18:117-33.

Guerber JC, Liu B, Correll JC, Johnston PR. Characterization of diversity in Colletotrichum acutatum sensu lato by sequence analysis of two gene introns, mtDNA and intron RFLPs, and mating compatibility. Mycologia. 2003 Sep 1;95(5):872-95.

Weir BS, Johnston PR, Damm U. The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. Studies in mycology. 2012 Sep 1; 73:115-80

Agrios GN.2005. Plant Pathology, 5th Ed. p.922. Academic Press, San Diego.

Flor HH. Current status of the gene-for-gene concept. Annual review of phytopathology. 1971 Sep;9(1):275-96.

Taylor PW, Ford R. Diagnostics, genetic diversity and pathogenic variation of ascochyta blight of cool season food and feed legumes. In Ascochyta blights of grain legumes 2007 (pp. 127-133). Springer, Dordrecht.

AVRDC (Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre). 1999. Off-season Tomato, Pepper, and Eggplant. Progress Report for 1998. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre, Taiwan, China.

Yoon JB, Yang DC, Lee WP, Ahn SY, Park HG. Genetic resources resistant to anthracnose in the genus Capsicum. Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology. 2004 Dec;45(6):318-23.

Mongkolporn O, Dokmaihom Y, Kanchana-Udomkan C, Pakdeevaraporn P. Genetic purity test of F1 hybrid Capsicum using molecular analysis. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 2004 Jan 1;79(3):449-51

Park HG. Problems of anthracnose in pepper and prospects for its management. In The First International Symposium on Chili Anthracnose, Convention Center, Seoul National University, Korea, 2007 2007 (Vol. 19).

Asian Vegetable Research, Development Center. AVRDC... Report. Asian Vegetable Research & Development Center; agr2003

Yoshida S, Tsukiboshi T. Shoot blight and leaf spot of blueberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Journal of General Plant Pathology: JGPP. 2002 Aug 1;68(3):246.

Verma N, MacDonald L, Punja ZK. Inoculum prevalence, host infection and biological control of Colletotrichum acutatum: causal agent of blueberry anthracnose in British Columbia. Plant Pathology. 2006 Jun;55(3):442-50.

Nair J, Corbin JB. Histopathology of Pinus radiata Seedlings Infected by Colletotrichum acutatum f. sp. pinea. Phytopathology. 1981 Aug;71(8):777-83.

Zulfiqar M, Brlansky RH, Timmer LW. Infection of flower and vegetative tissues of citrus by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. Mycologia. 1996 Jan 1;88(1):121-8.

Curry KJ, Abril M, Avant JB, Smith BJ. Strawberry anthracnose: Histopathology of Colletotrichum acutatum and C. fragariae. Phytopathology. 2002 Oct;92(10):1055-63.

Diéguez-Uribeondo J, Forster H, Adaskaveg JE. Digital image analysis of internal light spots of appressoria of Colletotrichum acutatum. Phytopathology. 2003 Aug;93(8):923-30.

Agostini JP, Timmer LW. Population dynamics and survival of strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on citrus in Florida. Phytopathology. 1994 Apr 1;84(4):420-5.g

Roberts PD, Pernezny K, Kucharek TA. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. on pepper—University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. 2001.

Vos JG, Uhan TS, Sutarya R. Integrated crop management of hot pepper (Capsicum spp.) under tropical lowland conditions: Effects of rice straw and plastic mulches on crop health. Crop Protection. 1995 Sep 1;14(6):445-52.

Wharton PS, Diéguez-Uribeondo J. The biology of Colletotrichum acutatum. InAnales del jardín botánicot de Madrid 2004 Jun 30 (Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 3-22).

Waller JM. Colletotrichum diseases of perennial and other cash crops. Colletotrichum diseases of perennial and other cash crops. 1992:167-85

Schilder AM, Gillett JM, Sysak RW. Evaluation of fungicides for control of anthracnose fruit rot of blueberries. Fungicide and Infanticide Tests. 2001.

Lewis IM, Miller SA. Evaluation of Fungicides and a Biocontrol Agent for the Control of Anthracnose on Green Pepper Fruit. Nematicide Test Report [Online], New Fungicide and Nematicide Data Committee of the American Phytopathological Society. 2003.

Forster H, Driever GF, Thompson DC, Adaskaveg JE. Postharvest decay management for stone fruit crops in California using the “reduced-risk” fungicides fludioxonil and fenhexamid. Plant Disease. 2007 Feb;91(2):209-15.

Soytong K, Kanokmedhakul S, Rattanacherdchai K, Charoenporn C. Microbial elicitors to induce immunity for plant disease control in chilli and tomato. In Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides 2014 (pp. 99-125). Springer, New Delhi.

Khan IH, Javaid A (2023). Antifungal potential of Chenopodium quinoa root extract against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Allelopathy Journal 58(1): 61-72.

Khan IH, Javaid A (2020). Antifungal activity of leaf extract of Cannabis sativa against Aspergillus flavipes. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research 26(4): 447-453.

Suwan N, Na-Lampang S. Characterization and evaluation of carbendazim resistance response of Colletotrichum species. J. Agric. Technol. 2013; 9:1883-94.

Bhandal IS, Paxton JD. Phytoalexin biosynthesis induced by the fungal glucan polytran L in soybean, pea, and sweet pepper tissues. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1991 Dec;39(12):2156-7.

Javaid A, Ali A, Shoaib A, Khan IH (2021). Alleviating stress of Sclerotium rolfsii on growth of chickpea var. Bhakkar-2011 by Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 31(6): 1755-1761.

Ajith PS, Lakshmesha KK, Murthy SM, Lakshmidevi N. Botanicals for control of anthracnose of bell peppers. The Journal of Plant Protection Sciences. 2012;4(1):13-9.

Singh HB, Singh BN, Singh S, Sarma B. Exploring different avenues of Trichoderma as a potent bio-fungicidal and plant growth promoting candidate-an overview. Ann. Rev. Plant Pathol. 2012 Jul 1; 5:315-21.

Javaid A, Khan IH, Shoaib A (2018). Management of charcoal rot of mungbean by two Trichoderma species and dry biomass of Coronopus didymus. Planta Daninha 36: e018182795.

Khan IH, Javaid A (2020). In vitro biocontrol potential of Trichoderma pseudokoningii against Macrophomina phaseolina. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 24(4): 730-736.

Khan IH, Javaid A, Ahmed D (2021). Trichoderma viride controls Macrophomina phaseolina through its DNA disintegration and production of antifungal compounds. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 25(4): 888-894.

Shoresh M, Harman GE, Mastouri F. Induced systemic resistance and plant responses to fungal biocontrol agents. Annual Review of phytopathology. 2010 Jan 1;48(1):21-43.

Hermosa R, Viterbo A, Chet I, Monte E. Plant-beneficial effects of Trichoderma and of its genes. Microbiology. 2012 Jan 1;158(1):17-25.

Ali A, Javaid A, Shoaib A, Khan IH (2020). Effect of soil amendment with Chenopodium album dry biomass and two Trichoderma species on growth of chickpea var. Noor 2009 in Sclerotium rolfsii contaminated soil. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 30: 102.

Yedidia I, Srivastva AK, Kapulnik Y, Chet I. Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on microelement concentrations and increased growth of cucumber plants. Plant and soil. 2001 Aug;235(2):235-42

Zanao Junior LA, Rodrigues FA, Fontes RL, Korndoerfer GH, Neves JC. Rice resistance to brown spot mediated by silicon and its interaction with manganese. Journal of Phytopathology. 2009 Feb;157(2):73-8.

Prajapati MK, Rawat S, Singh P, Shankar K. Cultural and morphological characterization of Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose of chilli (Capsicum anum L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2020;9(3):1985-9.