Rosmarinic acid as a potential anti-hyperlipidemic agent

Oussama Bekkouch; Ayoub Amssayef; Hamza Elbouny; Mohamed Eddouks; Chakib Alem; Souliman Amrani

doi:10.14719/pst.2362

Authors

Oussama Bekkouch Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-2345
Ayoub Amssayef Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-1419
Hamza Elbouny Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail, Errachidia, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-3093
Mohamed Eddouks Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6462-489X
Chakib Alem Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail, Errachidia, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-7319
Souliman Amrani Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0243-7583

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2362

Keywords:

Rosmarinic acid, hyperlipidemia, lipid-lowering actions

Abstract

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phytochemical that occurs in numerous plants, including Rosmarinus officinalis. This bioactive compound is widely reported to exert various pharmacological effects, including anti-hyperlipidemic activity. In this study, we reviewed the literature data on RA and hyperlipidemia research. In silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies were retrieved from Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. The In silico studies revealed that RA possesses squalene synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A reductase enzymes inhibiting effect. Additionally, in vitro reports revealed that RA exerts remarkable lipid-lowering effects and also exhibits anti-adipogenic and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The lipid-lowering action was modulated by numerous mechanisms including the regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant signaling pathways. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed that RA alleviates hyperlipidemia in animal models by modulating the expression of genes involved in hyperlipidemia as well as the regulation of gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory pathways. We conclude that RA is a multi-target anti-hyperlipidemic agent. Moreover, we suggest that the use of this bioactive compound as an anti-hyperlipidemic drug would be an effective pharmacological strategy that could provide promising options for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and its related disorders including atherosclerosis.

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Author Biographies

Ayoub Amssayef, Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia.

Chakib Alem, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail, Errachidia, Morocco.

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