Variation in oxidative defense system and physiological traits in Maize under drought stress

Monireh  Shahimoghadam; Ali Asghari; Sajjad Moharramnejad; Zahra Dehghanian; Sandeep Kumar	 Singh; Krishna Moorthy  Sivalingam; Senapathy Marisennayya

doi:10.14719/pst.2847

Authors

Monireh Shahimoghadam Department of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0749-3634
Ali Asghari Department of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Aradabili, Ardabil, Iran. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3072-5857
Sajjad Moharramnejad Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Moghan, Iran. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-2510
Zahra Dehghanian Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5057-8017
Sandeep Kumar Singh Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0022-6240
Krishna Moorthy Sivalingam Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Post Box No.:138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2682-6559
Senapathy Marisennayya Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, SNNPR, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-3035

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2847

Keywords:

Antioxidant, Grain yield, Hybrid, Osmotic adjustment, Photosynthetic pigments

Abstract

The study included the role of key metabolites involved in oxidative defense, and osmotic adjustment under water stress is still undiscovered. We have evaluated whether antioxidant potential could be nominated as a potential marker of drought resistance in three maize hybrids (SC01, SC703, and SC720). Underwater deficiency in all maize hybrids decreased significantly compared to control samples in grain yield, photosynthetic pigments, and phenolic compounds. In contrast, proline and glycine betaine (GB) significantly increased. In contrast, a significant increase (p<?0.05) was detected in the lipid peroxidation indicator of malondialdehyde (MDA). The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and total soluble proteins remained unaffected under drought stress in the three maize hybrids. Electrophoretic investigations attributed three, two, and one isoforms, respectively, to peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In the studied maize hybrids, SOD isoforms, including Fe-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Mn-SOD, appeared on the 8% slab polyacrylamide gels. The water stress decreases Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Fe-SOD activities in all three hybrids. Further, POX1, POX2, and CAT activities decreased in SC01 and SC703, while they increased in SC720 under water deficit stress. In all maize hybrids, oxidative stress from water limitation leads to significant changes in the enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants and main organic osmolytes. Based on the current study's findings, we believe that Cu/Zn-SOD activity, proline, and photosynthetic pigments might be used as biochemical indicators of water stress tolerance.

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