Pigments, phenolics, and bioactivities of various extracts from flowers of Camellia quephongensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3262Keywords:
albumin denaturation, antioxidant activity, Camellia quephongensis, chlorophyll, phenolicsAbstract
Camellia quephongensis Hakoda et Ninh, a plant species in the Theaceae family, is native to Vietnam. In this study, the effects of various solvents used for extracting Camellia quephongensis flowers on phenolic content, antioxidative, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were assessed. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant properties were observed for the ethyl acetate extract. Catechin and epicatechin in the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest concentrations (17.23 ? 0.57 mg/g and 3.86 ? 0.42 mg/g, respectively) whereas epigallocatechin gallate had the highest concentration in methanol extract (10.66 ? 0.33 mg/g). Most of the other phenolics were also found at greater concentrations in the ethyl acetate extract in comparison to the other extracts. The results also demonstrated that ethyl acetate displayed the strongest antioxidant potential assessed by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays. The albumin denaturation inhibition assay showed that the ethyl acetate extract had the greatest efficacy, followed by the ethanol and methanol extracts. Chlorophyll and carotenoids were found in smaller amounts compared to those in other Camellia species' leaves. These findings provide deeper insights into obtaining extracts with high levels of bioactive compounds, antioxidative potential, and anti-inflammatory effects from C. quephongensis.
Downloads
References
Le NHN, Pham TTD, and Luu TT. An updated checklist of Theaceae and a new species of Polyspora from Vietnam. Taiwania. 2020;66:216. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2020.65.216
Qin XM, Lin HJ, Ning EC, and Wei L. Antioxidative properties of extracts from the leaves of Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama. Food Sci Technol. 2008;2:24-27.
Wan CP, Yu YY, Zhou SR, and Cao SW. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Camellia nitidissima Chi. Asian J Chem. 2011;23:2893.
Lin JN, Lin HY, Yang NS, Li YH, Lee MR, Chuang CH, Ho CT, Kuo SC, and Way TD. Chemical constituents and anticancer activity of yellow camellias against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2013;61:9638-9644. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf4029877
Huang YL, Chen YY, Wen YX, Li DP, Liang RG, and Wei X. Effects of the extracts from Camellia nitidssimas leaves on blood lipids. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research. 2009;20:776-77.
Wei J-B, Li X, Song H, Liang YH, Pan YZ, Ruan JX, Qin X, Chen YX, Nong CL, and Su Z-H. Characterization and determination of antioxidant components in the leaves of Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama based on composition–activity relationship approach. J Food Drug Anal. 2015;23:40-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2014.02.003
Pereira CG, Barreira L, Bijttebier S, Pieters L, Neves V, Rodrigues MJ, Rivas R, Varela J, and Custodio L. Chemical profiling of infusions and decoctions of Helichrysum italicum subsp. picardii by UHPLC-PDA-MS and in vitro biological activities comparatively with green tea (Camellia sinensis) and rooibos tisane (Aspalathus linearis). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2017;145:593-603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.007
Dai J and Mumper RJ. Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules. 2010;15:7313-52. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/molecules15107313
Schinella GR, Tournier HA, Prieto JM, De Buschiazzo PM, and Rios JL. Antioxidant activity of anti-inflammatory plant extracts. Life Sci. 2002;70:1023-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(01)01482-5
Ghasemian M, Owlia S, and Owlia MB. Review of anti-inflammatory herbal medicines. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci. 2016;2016:9130979. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9130979
Le NNH, Luong DV, and Do DN. Additional conditions for effective publication of Camellia quephongensis and Camellia hamyenensis. Int Camellia J. 2021;53:99-107.
Manh TD, Thang NT, Son HT, Thuyet DV, Trung PD, Tuan NV, Duc DT, Linh MT, Lam VT, and Thinh NH. Golden camellias: A review. Arch Curr Res Int. 2019;16:1-8. https://doi.org/10.9734/ACRI/2019/v16i230085
Nguyen THD, Vu DC, Nguyet NTM, Tran-Trung H, Nguyen LLP, and Baranyai L. Evaluation of phenolics and bioactivities of Camellia quephongensis leaf extracts as affected by various extraction solvents. J Agric Food Res. 2023;14:100914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100914
Khoi N, Trung P, Hao H, Lan N, Lien G, Phuong N, and Thanh T. A study of chemical constituents of the Camellia quephongnensis Hakoda et Ninh ?owers with high resolution mass spectrometry. University of Danang J Sci Technol. 2017;7:121-125.
Singleton VL, Orthofer R, and Lamuela-Raventós RM, Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent, in Methods in enzymology. 1999, Elsevier. p. 152-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
Nurcholis W, Putri DNSb, Husnawati H, Aisyah SI, and Priosoeryanto BP. Total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from accessions of Amomum compactum fruits. Ann Agric Sci. 2021;66:58-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2021.04.001
Lichtenthaler HK and Buschmann C. Extraction of phtosynthetic tissues: chlorophylls and carotenoids. Curr Protoc Food Anal Chem. 2001;1:F4.2.1-F4.2.6.
Leung PH, Zhao S, Ho KP, and Wu JY. Chemical properties and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from mycelial culture of Cordyceps sinensis fungus Cs-HK1. Food Chem. 2009;114:1251-1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.081
Fu HY, Shieh DE, and Ho CT. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of edible mushrooms. J Food Lipids. 2002;9:35-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2002.tb00206.x
Uttra AM, Shahzad M, Shabbir A, Jahan S, Bukhari IA, and Assiri AM. Ribes orientale: A novel therapeutic approach targeting rheumatoid arthritis with reference to pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2019;237:92-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.019
Roshanak S, Rahimmalek M, and Goli SAH. Evaluation of seven different drying treatments in respect to total flavonoid, phenolic, vitamin C content, chlorophyll, antioxidant activity and color of green tea (Camellia sinensis or C. assamica) leaves. J Food Sci Technol. 2016;53:721-729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2030-x
Yang R, Wang WX, Chen HJ, He ZC, and Jia AQ. The inhibition of advanced glycation end-products by five fractions and three main flavonoids from Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers. J Food Drug Anal. 2018;26:252-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.03.007
Yang R, Guan Y, Wang W, Chen H, He Z, and Jia A-Q. Antioxidant capacity of phenolics in Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers and their identification by HPLC Triple TOF MS/MS. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0195508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195508
Myo H, Yaowiwat N, Pongkorpsakol P, Aonbangkhen C, and Khat-Udomkiri N. Butylene glycol used as a sustainable solvent for extracting bioactive compounds from Camellia sinensis flowers with ultrasound-assisted extraction. ACS omega. 2023;8:4976-4987. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c07481
Peng X, He X, Tang J, Xiang J, Deng J, Kan H, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Zhao P, and Liu Y. Evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant and antitumor activity of extracts from Camellia fascicularis leaves. Front Chem. 2022;10:1035949. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.1035949
Williams LAD, O'Connar A, Latore L, Dennis O, Ringer S, Whittaker JA, Conrad J, Vogler B, Rosner H, and Kraus W. The in vitro anti-denaturation effects induced by natural products and non-steroidal compounds in heat-treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin is proposed as a screening assay for the detection of anti-inflammatory compounds, without the use of animals, in the early stages of the drug discovery process. West Indian Med J. 2008;57:327-331. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822388630-010
Chen BT, Li WX, He RR, Li YF, Tsoi B, Zhai YJ, and Kurihara H. Anti-inflammatory effects of a polyphenols-rich extract from tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers in acute and chronic mice models. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:537923. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/537923
Wang Z, Guan Y, Yang R, Li J, Wang J, and Jia AQ. Anti-inflammatory activity of 3-cinnamoyltribuloside and its metabolomic analysis in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;20:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-03115-y
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 13-04-2024 (2)
- 10-04-2024 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Nguyen Thi Ngan, Trang Nguyen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).