In vitro anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic effect of Citrus reticulata- and Citrus limonum-incorporated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3697Keywords:
anti-inflammatory activity, green synthesis, hydroxyapatite, product development, sustainableAbstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is an excellent biocompatible material with osteoconductive potential. Numerous studies have reported the potential role of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in bone tissue engineering because of their bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Likewise, citrus fruits possess anti-oxidant properties. Anti-oxidants are found to reduce oxidative stress, which in turn is found to be effective in bone remodelling. Also, the ease, cheap availability, and potential benefits make citrus fruits a material of choice. So, this study aimed to green synthesize Citrus reticulata- and Citrus limonum-mediated HAP nanoparticles. The green synthesis of C. reticulata- and C. limonum-mediated HAP nanoparticles were conducted and the anti-inflammatory properties of the nanoparticles were assessed using the membrane stabilization assay, the bovine serum albumin denaturation assay, and the egg albumin denaturation assay. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was also assessed, and the assay used for evaluation was brine shrimp lethality. The successful green synthesis of C. reticulata- and C. limonum-mediated HAP nanoparticles was done. Also, the results revealed that the anti-inflammatory actions of the green synthesized nanoparticle are comparable with the standard. Based on the study results, it was revealed that the green synthesized C. reticulata- and C. limonum-mediated HAP nanoparticles are non-cytotoxic and possess anti-inflammatory activity.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ajithan S Lakshmi , Ganapathy Dhanraj M , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar
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