Unveiling the genetic potential and diversity of rice landraces for grain Fe content
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4088Keywords:
grain iron content, grain type, rice (Oryza sativa L.), seed coat colorAbstract
Addressing micronutrient deficiency is increasingly recognized as a critical aspect of food and nutrition security in developing nations. Leveraging diverse genetic resources offers a promising avenue for identifying and enhancing micronutrient-rich genotypes through breeding strategies, thus providing sustainable solutions to this pressing challenge. The study aimed to identify rice genotypes with high Fe content and to study the extent of genetic divergence based on morphological and grain quality traits in a set of 50 native rice landraces over 2 different locations. A wide range of variation for grain Fe content was observed among the studied genotypes, which varied from 9.28–14.45 mg kg-1 and 1.88–4.87 mg kg-1 in brown and polished rice respectively. Results showed that the genotypes Jaya, Kalanamak, Kottara Samba, Gandakasala and Gopalbhog recorded high grain Fe content before polishing whereas Kottara Samba, Kalapathi Black, Jyothi, Chinnar and Kalanamak were found to have high Fe content after polishing. Interestingly, landraces possessing red seed coat color and medium slender grain group were identified to possess high grain Fe content. This was further substantiated by the correlation study where kernel breadth recorded a negative association with Fe content after polishing. Clustering resulted in 5 groups where the high Fe content possessing genotypes were grouped into clusters 2 and 4. Thus, these genotypes could be utilized as donors in further bio-fortification breeding programs.
Downloads
References
Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder Pc. Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course. Nutrients. 2018;10(10):153. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101531
Zhang Y, Liu G, Huang W, Xu J, Cheng Y, Wan C, et al. Effects of irrigation regimes on yield and quality of upland rice and paddy rice and their interaction with nitrogen rates. Agri Water Manage. 2020;241:106344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106344
Xiaoyi F, Katchova LA. Evaluating the OECD–FAO and USDA agricultural baseline projections. J Agri Climate Environ Food Res Rural Develop Eco. 2023;2(3):qoad029. https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoad029
Kumar A, Milan KL, Sahoo SK, Dash GK, Sahoo U, Behera B, et al. The diversity of phytic acid content and grain processing play decisive role on minerals bioavailability in rice. J Food Comp Anal. 2023;115:105032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105032
Rohaeni WR, Susanto U, Trikoesoemaningtyas M, Ghulamahdi WB, Suwarno, Aswidinnoor H. Phytic acid content in biofortified rice lines and its association with micronutrient content and grain yield of rice. SABRAO J Breed Genet. 2023;55:5. https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.5.16
Abera B, Terefe B, Baye K, Covic N. Rice contribution to food and nutrition security and leveraging opportunities for sustainability, nutrition and health outcomes. Encylo of Food Security Sus. 2019;3:257-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100596-5.21538-2
Zhao S, Shi J, Cai S, Xiong T, Cai F, Li S, et al. Effects of milling degree on nutritional, sensory, gelatinization and taste quality of different rice varieties. LWT. 2023;186:115244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2023.115244
Malabadi, Ravindra B, Kolkar KP, Chalannavar RK. White and brown rice-nutritional value and health benefits: Arsenic toxicity in rice plants. Int J Innov Sci Res Rev. 2022;7(4):3065-82.
Maganti S, Swaminathan R, Parida A. Variation in iron and zinc content in traditional rice genotypes. Agricultural Research. 2020;9:316-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-019-00429-3
Muthayya S, Rah Jh, Sugimoto Jd, Roos Ff, Kraemer K, Black Re. The global hidden hunger indices and maps: An advocacy tool for action. PLOS One. 2013;8(6):e67860. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067860
Veena M, Puthur JT. Seed nutripriming with zinc is an apt tool to alleviate malnutrition. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2022;44(8):2355-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-021-01054-2
Parte D, Sahu PK, Patel RRS, Sao R, Baghel S, Bhainsa K, Sharma D. Exploring the hidden potential of traditional rice landraces and mutants for iron and zinc concentration in brown rice to develop bio-fortified rice varieties. Indian J Plant Genet Res. 2023;36(02):280-82. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00036.2.10
Durai A, Tomar JMS, Devi P, Arunachalam A, Mehta H. Rice diversity – the genetic resources grid of North-East India. 2015. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2015.00024.8
Stangoulis JC, Huynh BL, Welch RM, Choi EY, Graham RD. Quantitative trait loci for phytate in rice grain and their relationship with grain micronutrient content. Euphytica. 2007;154:289-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9211-7
Rao DS, Babu PM, Swarnalatha P, Kota S, Bhadana V, Varaprasad G, et al. Assessment of grain zinc and iron variability in rice germplasm using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrophotometer (ED-XRF). Journal Rice Research. 2014;7(1):45.
Racine JS. R studio: A platform-independent ide for R and S weave. J Appl Eco. 2012;27(1):167-72. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.1278
De Mendiburu F, De Mendiburu MF. Agricolae: Statistical procedures for agricultural research. R Package Version. 2019;1(3).
Wei T, Simko V, Levy M, Xie Y, Jin Y, Zemla J. Visualization of a correlation matrix. Comp R Arch Net; 2017.
Hamid A, Tanweer A. A comparative study on proximate and micronutrient composition of various varieties of rice produced in Punjab, Pakistan. Nurture. 2021;15(1):36-42. https:doi.org/10.55951/nurture.v15i1.5
Majumder S, Datta K, Datta SK. Rice biofortification: high iron, zinc and vitamin-A to fight against “Hidden Hunger”. Agronomy. 2019;9:803. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120803
Dikshit N, Sivaraj N, Sultan SM, Datta M. Diversity analysis of grain characteristics and micronutrient content in rice landraces of Tripura, India. Bangladesh J Bot. 2016;45(5):1143-49.
Roy SC, Sharma BD. Assessment of genetic diversity in rice [Oryza Sativa L.] germplasm based on agro-morphology traits and zinc-iron content for crop improvement. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2014;20(2):209-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-014-0221-y
Fernando N, Panozzo J, Tausz M, Norton MR, Fitzgerald GJ, Myers S, Marc E. "Intra-specific variation of wheat grain quality in response to elevated [CO2] at two sowing times under rain-fed and irrigation treatments." J Cereal Sci. 2014;59(2):137-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2013.12.002
Frank T, Habernegg R, Yuan FJ, Shu QY, Engel KH. Assessment of the contents of phytic acid and divalent cations in low phytic acid (lpa) mutants of rice and soybean. J Food Comp Anal. 2009;22:278-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2008.11.022
Hurrell R, Egli I. Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:146167. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674F
Kumar A, Lal MK, Sahoo U, Sahoo SK, Sah RP, Tiwari RK, et al. Combinatorial effect of heat processing and phytic acid on mineral bioavailability in rice grain. Food Chemistry Advances. 2023;2:100232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100232
Kumar A, Singh B, Raigond P, Sahu C, Mishra UN, Sharma S, et al. Phytic acid: Blessing in disguise, a prime compound required for both plant and human nutrition. Food Research International. 2021;142:110193. 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110193
Nagamani V, Shivakumar N, Nagaraja T. Genetic diversity analysis of red kernel rice genotypes using K-means clustering for grain yield, its components and cooking quality traits. Int J Bio-res Stress Manage. 2022;13(8):845-53. DOI: 10.23910/1.2022.3087
Kesh H, Battan KR, Khan M, Yadav S. Genetic diversity analysis of basmati rice (Oryza Sativa) genotypes for grain yield and quality Ttaits. J Agri Sci. 2022;92(7):62-65. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i7.110736
Kiran AK, Sharma DJ, Subbarao LV, Gireesh C, Agrawal AP. Correlation coefficient and path coefficient analysis for yield, yield attributing traits and nutritional traits in rice genotypes. 2023.
Descriptors for rice, Oryza sativa L. Ibpgr-Irri Rice Advisory Committee and International Board for Plant Genetic Resources . International Rice Research Institute; 1980.
Anuradha K, et al Evaluating rice germplasm for iron and zinc concentration in brown rice and seed dimensions. Journal Phytology. 2012;4(1):19-25.
Zhang J, Zhang D, Fan Y, Li C, Xu P, Li W, et al. The identification of grain size genes by rapmap reveals directional selection during rice domestication. Nature Communications. 2021;12(1):5673. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25961-1
Anandan AG, Rajiv R, Eswaran M, Prakash. Genotypic variation and relationships between quality traits and trace elements in traditional and improved rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes. Journal of Food Science. 2011;76(4):H122-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02135.x
Brar B, Jain S, Singh R, Jain R. Genetic diversity for iron and zinc contents in a collection of 220 rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes. Indian J Genet Plant Breed. 2011;71(1):67-73.
Graham R, Senadhira D, Beebe S, Iglesias C, Monasterio I. Breeding for micronutrient density in edible portions of staple food crops: conventional approaches. Field Crops Research. 1999;60(1-2):57-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00133-6
Nachimuthu VV, Robin S, Sudhakar D, Rajeswari S, Raveendran M, Subramanian K, et al. Genotypic variation for micronutrient content in traditional and improved rice lines and its role in biofortification programme. Indian J Sci Technol. 2014;7(9):1414-25. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2014/v7i9.15
Xiongsiyee V, Rerkasem B, Veeradittakit J, Saenchai C, Lordkaew S, Prom-u-thai CT. Variation in grain quality of upland rice from Luangprabang province, lao PDR. Rice Science. 2018;25(2);940102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2018.02.002.
Sholehah IM, Restanto DP, Kim KM, Handoyo T. Diversity, physicochemical and structural properties of Indonesian aromatic rice cultivars. Journal of Crop Sci Biotechnol. 2020;23(2):171-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-019-0370-0
Pippal A, Bhusal N, Meena RK, Bishnoi M, Bhoyar PI, Jain RK. Identification of genomic locations associated with grain micronutrients (iron and zinc) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genet Res Crop Evol. 2021:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01222-4
Hemalatha M, Geetha S, Saraswathi R, Raveendran M, Hemalatha G. Diversity and multi-variate analysis of basmati and non-basmati rice genotypes over two seasons using organo-leptic traits. Int J Plant Soil Sci. 2023;35(18):923-41. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183359
Thuy NP, Trai NN, Khoa BD, Thao NHX, Phong VT, Thi QVC. Correlation and path analysis of association among yield, micronutrients and protein content in rice accessions grown under aerobic condition from Karnataka, India. Plant Breed Biotechnol. 2023;11(2):117-29. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2023.11.2.117
Suwarto N. Genotype 9 environment interaction for iron concentration of rice in Central Java of Indonesia. Rice Science. 2011;18(1):75-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6308(11)60011-5
Chandel G, Banerjee S, See S, Meena R, Sharma D, Verulkar S. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels and native soil properties on rice grain Fe, Zn and protein contents. Rice Sci. 2010;17(3):213-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6308(09)60020-27
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 28-01-2025 (2)
- 27-01-2025 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 konne Deepika, Aravindan Shanmugam, Rangarajan Manimaran, Raman Pushpa, Kaliappan Sathiya Bama, Chellappan Umamageswari, Suresh Ramalingam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
