Optimizing growth conditions and biostimulant application for enhanced growth, yield and quality in Butter bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) cultivar KKL 1

Vignesh M; Ravindran C; Kumar S; Kalpana K; Srimathi Priya L; Sundharaiya K; Nageswari K; Preethi T L; Manivannan R; Muthuramaligam C

doi:10.14719/pst.4516

Authors

Vignesh M Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7369-2101
Ravindran C Horticultural & Forestry Research station, Kodaikanal, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 624 103, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-4848
Kumar S Horticultural & Forestry Research station, Kodaikanal, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 624 103, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-5751
Kalpana K Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-8429
Srimathi Priya L Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3649-2548
Sundharaiya K Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4913-0942
Nageswari K Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-4233
Preethi T L Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tirur, Tiruvallur, Tamil Nadu - 602 025, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-1144
Manivannan R Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4355-3399
Muthuramaligam C Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu - 625 604, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5739-8775

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4516

Keywords:

Biostimulant, butter bean, fulvic acid, panchagavya, seaweed extract, yield characters

Abstract

Butter beans (Phaseolus lunatus) are prized for their significant nutraceutical benefits, which are crucial in addressing malnutrition in developing countries. Given their nutritional advantages, global cultivation demand is increasing. This study aims to boost production and improve crop quality through effective agronomic practices. To minimize dependence on synthetic chemicals, the study investigates the use of biostimulants as an alternative, offering a promising method for enhancing crop growth and performance. The experiment took place under 2 different conditions: polyhouse (G1) and open field condition (G2) at Horticultural and Forestry Research Station, Kodaikanal, from December 2023 to June 2024. Various biostimulants were applied in foliar parts in different doses: control (B1) seaweed extract at 3 % (B2) and 5 % (B3), panchagavya at 3 % (B4) and 5 % (B5), vermiwash at 5 % (B6) and 10 % (B7) and fulvic acid at 6 g/L (B8) and 9 g/L (B9), each replicated 3 times. Among the treatment combinations, G1B3 (seaweed extract 5 % under polyhouse condition) was most effective in all growth, yield and quality parameters including days to first flower emergence (48.50 days), number of pods per plant (96.33), pod yield (4.98 t/ha), highest soluble protein (37.36 %) than G2B1 (control group under open field condition). It resulted in a greater number of days for flower emergence (57.85 days), lowest values in number of pods per plant (69.91), pod yield (2.96 t/ha) and soluble protein (24.69 %). These findings suggest that seaweed extract has great potential as a sustainable agricultural input, enhancing productivity and crop performance in butter bean cultivation. The main goals were to investigate how different biostimulants and growing conditions affect the growth and yield of butter beans and to identify effective organic growth promoters that could improve the yield and quality of butter bean crops in various growing environments. The results of this study are discussed in the following sections.

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