Evaluation of antimalarial potential of Artemisia nilagirica against chloroquine resistant and sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4806Keywords:
antimalarial activity, Artemisia nilagirica, chloroquine resistant, chloroquine sensitive, Plasmodium falciparumAbstract
Malaria represents a major vector borne global health problem. The greatest challenge in the malarial treatment is due to the increasing resistance of parasite to antimalarial drugs. The rise of drug-resistant malaria parasites is undermining the effectiveness of more potential drugs. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement for novel antimalarial compounds to manage this disease. Therefore, the current investigation is designed to analyze the antimalarial properties of Artemisia nilagirica against chloroquine (CQ) resistant K1 strain and chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 strain through different solvent extracts of various plant parts (root, stem, leaf and flower). Among the multiple extracts tested, the methanolic flower extract exhibited the highest antiplasmodial activity against CQ resistant K1 strain (IC50= 5.76 ?g/mL) and CQ-sensitive 3D7 strain (IC50= 6.24 ?g/mL) respectively. The lowest values of antimalarial activity were reported in aqueous extract of root against CQ resistant K1 strain (IC50= 68.83 ?g/mL) and CQ sensitive 3D7 strain (IC50= 70.02 ?g/mL). However, moderate activity was reported in chloroform, n-hexane, petroleum ether and ethanol extracts. The GC-MS investigation of methanol extracts of flower confirmed the availability of specific bioactive compounds like bicyclo (2.2.1) heptane-2-one 1,7,7-trimethyl, bicyclo (3.1.1) heptanes 2,4,6-trimethyl, 1,6- cyclodecadiene 1- methyl-5- methylene-8-(1-methyl ethyl) and 3,3- iminosprolamine, 3- methyl-3,5 (cyanoethyl) tetrahydro-4-thiopyranone which are responsible for antiplasmodial activity. The present study’s findings confirm the potential antimicrobial activity of flower methanolic extracts of A. nilagirica against CQ resistant and sensitive strains of P. falciparum.
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