Unveiling key adaptation strategies: A systematic review of climate variability’s  impact on agriculture

S Rithika; A Malaisamy; M Raswanthkrishna

doi:10.14719/pst.6107

Authors

S Rithika Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3187-7125
A Malaisamy Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8822-6714
M Raswanthkrishna Department of Computer Science and Engineering (AI), Amrita University, Coimbatore 641 112, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8303-4854

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6107

Keywords:

agricultural adaptation, agriculture resilience, climate change, climate variability, mitigation

Abstract

This review aims to comprehensively analyze the variability of climate in agriculture and the
adaptive behaviour of farmers in response to climate change, synthesizing existing knowledge and
examining measures for mitigate climate fluctuations. To achieve this, a systematic literature
review (SLR) was conducted using the Scopus database, covering the past eleven years. A total of
177 articles were identified through a methodological application of the Preferred Reporting Items
for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework. While these studies encompass a
broad geographical scope, the selection was deliberately constrained by a small sample size to
exclude regions lacking conflicting evidence, ensuring relevance and high-quality information, a
standard practice in systematic reviews within this field. This study hypothesizes that adaptive
strategies, such as climate-smart agriculture and early warning systems, significantly reduce
farmers’ vulnerability under climate change. Key findings indicates that practices like conservation
tillage, agroforestry, and other climate-resilient approaches enhances agricultural sustainability and
resilience. The results highlight the urgent need for further investigation and policy incentives to
encourage adaptive behaviour and provide food security in the presence of climatic variability.
Thus, the conclusion of these findings encourages the widespread uptake of climate-smart practices
coupled with early warning mechanisms to reduce climatic risks effectively.

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Author Biographies

S Rithika, Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

Rithika is a PG student at the Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She completed her undergraduate studies at Annamalai University, Chidambaram. She has 5 years of academic and research experience. At Tamil Nadu Agricultural University her research area mainly focuses on environmental economics.

A Malaisamy, Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India

Malaisamy is currently working at the International Livestock and Research Institute, and a Professor at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. He has 34 years of academic and research experience. His research mainly focuses on agricultural economics. He has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals. He has received 4 international awards including, one from Oxford University for Ph.D. research findings. The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) of the Consultative Group of International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) offered him a South Asian Economist post based on his research work. International Best Research Paper Presentation award from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (ITA), Kenya and he has also received the following 3 national awards, Best Oral Paper Presentation Award for Water for Food and Livelihood in Bhavani Basin, India in National Conference on Ascertaining Food Security through Livelihood Enriching Interventions: Challenges and Opportunities held on 4-6 September 2019 at PAJANCOA & FRL Karaikal, India Society for Advancement of Human and Nature Best Paper Award 2021. The National Best Research Paper Presentation Award from the Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Lucknow, India.

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