Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Early Access

Quality and NUE of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under variable planting techniques and different nitrogen levels

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6936
Submitted
27 December 2024
Published
26-06-2025
Versions

Abstract

A research experiment was conducted between Rabi 2022-23 and 2023-24 on the research farm of Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab). The experiment employed a split plot design to evaluate the effects of three planting methods (2 rows per bed, cross and flat technique) and 5 nitrogen level treatments (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg/ha nitrogen). Results indicated that 2 rows/bed and cross sowing technique significantly outperformed than flat sowing in terms of quality, uptake and nitrogen use efficiencies. Additionally, chlorophyll index, nitrogen content and uptake in grains and straw, total nitrogen uptake, protein content and nitrogen use efficiencies were more in 2 rows/bed and cross sowing technique as compared to flat sowing. Regarding nitrogen level treatments, 120 and 160 kg N/ ha resulted in significantly higher quality attributes than all other treatments. The planting methods of 2 rows per bed and cross technique total nitrogen uptake by the crop increased by19.64 % and 14.71 %, 20.23 % and 15.64 % respectively during 2022-23 and 2023-24 as compared to flat sowing. Application of 160, 120, 80 and 40 kg N/ha increased total nitrogen uptake by 285.1, 246.7, 117.1 and 20.8 % in 2022-23 and by 376.7, 322.8, 174.6 and 51.1 % in 2023-24, respectively, compared to 0 kg N/ha. Agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency were significantly more in 2 rows per bed and cross sowing technique, but physiological efficiency was significantly higher in flat sowing. Among nitrogen level treatments, agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency were significantly higher in 120 and 160 kg N/ha but physiological efficiency was significantly higher in 40 kg N/ha than all other N levels.

References

  1. 1. Iqbal M, Raja NI, Yasmeen F, Hussain M, Ejaz M, Shah MA. Impacts of heat stress on wheat: A critical review. Adv Crop Sci Tec. 2017;5(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000251
  2. 2. Annual report. Directorate of Economics Statistics and International Wheat Production Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, New Delhi; 2020-21.
  3. 3. Anonymous. Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi; 2020-21.
  4. 4. Sayre KD. Raised-bed cultivation. In: Lal R, editor. Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Marcel Dekker. 2004.p.1433–36 https://doi.org/10.1201/NOE0849338304.ch301
  5. 5. Ullah I, Rehman A, Shabaz MA, Waheed A, Hafeez A, Ishfaq M, et al. Effect of different nitrogen levels on growth, yield and yield contributing attributes of wheat. Int J Sci Eng Res. 2018;9(9):595–602. https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2018.09.01
  6. 6. Walia US, Jand S, Brar LS. Integrated effects of planting methods and herbicides on Phalaris minor and wheat. Ind J Weed Sci. 2003;35:169–72.
  7. 7. Majeed A, Hussain AS. Bed planting of wheat improves nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield compared to flat planting. Crop J. 2015;3(2):118–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2015.01.003
  8. 8. Rai NP. A brief introduction to common software for data analysis in agriculture. Agri Ind Tod. 2024.
  9. 9. Noor H, Sun M, Sun P, Gao Z, Ding P, Yan Z, et al. Effects of nitrogen on photosynthetic productivity and yield quality of wheat. Agro. 2023;13(6):1448. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13061448
  10. 10. Yang T, Wang X, Zhou Q, Wang Q, Jiang D, Huang M, Cai J. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on quality characteristics of wheat with absence of different individual high-molecular weight glutenin sub-units. Inter J of mole sci. 2022;23(4):2178. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042178
  11. 11. Zhang X, Du S, Cao C, Li W, Xu Y, Qiao Y. Response of canopy photosynthesis, grain quality and harvest index of wheat to different N application methods. Plants. 2022;11(18):2328. https://doi.org.10.3390/plants11182328
  12. 12. Hussain I, Khan MA, Khan EA. Bread wheat varieties as influenced by different nitrogen levels. J Zhej Uni Sci. 2006;7(1):70–78. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.B0070
  13. 13. Zhao YX, Zhou XB, Mao XM, Yong YY. Effects of irrigation and planting patterns on photosynthetic capacity and grain quality of winter wheat. Int Agrophy. 2023;33(3):313–21. https://doi.org/10.31545/intagr/110802
  14. 14. Hahimi SM, Afsana N, Sarhadi WA. Study of raised bed planting method on yield and yield component of wheat in Kabul. Inter J Sci Res. 2021;10(1):303–08. https://doi.org/10.21275/SR201220172658
  15. 15. Chaturvedi I. Effect of different nitrogen levels on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Inter J Agri Sci. 2006;2(2):372–74.
  16. 16. Litke L, Gaile Z, Ruza A. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on winter wheat yield and yield quality. Agro Res. 2018;16(2):500–09.
  17. 17. Sharma S, Singh P, Alamri S, Siddqui MH, Kaur G, Kumar R. Nitrogen and potassium application effects on productivity, profitability and nutrient use efficiency of irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plos One. 2022;17(5):e0264210. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264210
  18. 18. Singh K, Sharma R. Effect of different methods of sowing and row orientation on growth, yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Agri Res Com Cen. 2019;39(1):51–54. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.D-4720
  19. 19. Qazizadah NA, Prakash R, Mor VS, Kumar A, Satyavan. Effect of nitrogen levels on performance of wheat varieties under saline water irrigation in semiarid regions. J Soil Sal Water Qual. 2022;14(1):15–21.
  20. 20. Du PX, He W, Wang Z, Xi M, Xu Y, Gao S, et al. Raised bed planting reduces waterlogging and increases yield in wheat following rice. Field Crops Res. 2021;265:108119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108119
  21. 21. Godebo T, Fanuel L, Loha G, Temesgen G. Nutrient uptake, use efficiency and productivity of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in Southern Ethiopia. Env Syst Res. 2021;10(12):7012. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-020-00210-4

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.