Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. sp3 (2025): Advances in Plant Health Improvement for Sustainable Agriculture

A study on flower bud differentiation for off-season mango production using ultra high-density planting

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.8217
Submitted
13 March 2025
Published
29-05-2025

Abstract

The present study was conducted in Jain Irrigation System LTD from 2023 to 2024 to find the flower bud differentiation (FBD) process in ultra-high-density planting (UHDP) systems for off-season mango production using cv: Ratna and Bangalora and the associated morphological and biochemical changes under specific agro-climatic conditions. Observations were taken from August 10, 2023, to analyse FBD phases and their associated physiological changes. The process of fruit bud initiation began on August 20th in all cultivars. From August 20th to December 14th, the initiation and differentiation of fruit buds showed a progressive increase, with the highest number of fruit buds undergoing differentiation during this period. The differentiation process continued further, with the buds reaching an advanced stage of development by December 19th. Five distinct stages of FBD were recognised during the current study. The initiation of FBD was started in the second week of August, reaching its peak by the second week of December and concluding by the third week of December. During the progression of FBD, a significant increase in the total carbohydrate fraction (%) and C/N ratio was recorded, with the C/N ratio peaking at the maximum differentiation stage. Conversely, the total nitrogen fraction (%) exhibited a consistent decline, reaching its lowest at the peak FBD stage. The findings provide critical insights into optimizing UHDP practices for enhancing off-season mango flowering and production in the selected cultivars.

References

  1. 1. Singh AK, Singh CP. Performance of elite clones versus commercially grown Dashehari Mango under sub-tropical climate. International Journal of Innovative Horticulture. 2023;12(1):79–82. https://doi.org/10.5958/2582-2527.2023.00006.4
  2. 2. Jahurul MHA, Zaidul ISM, Ghafoor K, Al-Juhaimi FY, Nyam KL, et al. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) by-products and their valuable components: A review. Food Chem. 2015;183:173–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.046
  3. 3. Singh S. Production performance of fresh mango in India: A growth and variability analysis. Int J Pure Appl Biosci. 2018;6:935–41. https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6005
  4. 4. Halder R, Varma S, Singh M, Dahiya A. From orchard to table: Understanding climate change impacts on mango production in India: A review.
  5. 5. Md Aayesha Jameel, SM Rajesh Naik, C Madhumathi, D Srinivasa Reddy, KT Venkataramana. Physiology of flowering in mango. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2018;2375–82.
  6. 6. Yadav A, Jayaswal PK, Venkat Raman K, Singh B, Singh NK, Usha K. Transcriptome analysis of flowering genes in mango (Mangifera indica L.) in relation to floral malformation. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol [Internet]. 2020;29(2):193–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-019-00541-z
  7. 7. Ramírez F, Davenport TL. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) flowering physiology. Sci Hortic [Internet]. 2010;126(2):65–72. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423810002992
  8. 8. Sandip M, Makwana AN, Barad A V, Nawade BD. Physiology of flowering-the case of mango. International Journal of Applied Research. 2015;1(11):1008–12.
  9. 9. Sen PK, Mallik PC. The time of differentiation of the flower bud of the mango. 1941.
  10. 10. Ravishankar H, Rao MM, Bojappa KM. Fruit-bud differentiation in mango ‘Alphonso’ and ‘Totapuri’under mild tropical rainy conditions. Sci Hortic. 1979;10(1):95–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(79)90073-6
  11. 11. Chaikiattiyos S, Menzel C, Rasmussen TS. Floral induction in tropical fruit trees: Effects of temperature and water supply. Journal of Horticultural Science. 1994;69:397–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1994.11516469
  12. 12. Ashok Kumar, BD Bhuj, Shri Dhar. Effect of plant hormones & micro nutrients on fruit production: A review. International Journal of Plant Science and Horticulture. 2022;62–90.
  13. 13. Singh VK, Sharma K. Physiological and biochemical changes during flowering of mango (Mangifera indica L.). International Journal of Plant Developmental Biology. 2008;2(2):100–5.
  14. 14. Das A, Geetha GA, Ravishankar KV, Shivashankara KS, Roy TK, Dinesh MR. Interrelations of growth regulators, carbohydrates and expression of flowering genes (FT, LFY, AP1) in leaf and shoot apex of regular and alternate bearing mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars during flowering. Scientia Horticulturae. 2019;253:263-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.027
  15. 15. Oliveira CM, Priestley CA. Carbohydrate reserves in deciduous fruit trees. Hort Rev. 1988;10:403–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118060834.ch10
  16. 16. Corbesier L, Bernier G, Périlleux C. C: N ratio increases in the phloem sap during floral transition of the long-day plants Sinapis alba and Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol [Internet]. 2002;43(6):684–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcf071
  17. 17. Tiwari DK, Patel VB, Pandey AK. Floral induction in mango: physiological, biochemical and molecular basis. Int J Chem studies. 2018;6:252–9.
  18. 18. Salvi V, Deshmukh U, Jadhav S. Effect of foliar application of nutrients on flowering, fruit set and yield of alphonso mango in lateritic soil. 2019;1465–8.
  19. 19. Kishore K, Singh HS, Kurian RM. Paclobutrazol use in perennial fruit crops and its residual effects: A review. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences [Internet]. 85(7):863–72. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i7.50091
  20. 20. Das S, Kundu M, Sengupta S, Harsh K, Samanta D, Mir H. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars with alternate bearing tendencies were subjected to physio-chemical, nutritional and enzymatic assays. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr. 2024;1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-02043-x

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.