Chemical composition of the essential oil of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (Krishna Tulsi) from North West Karnataka, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2014.1.3.52Keywords:
Ocimum tenuiflorum, Lamiaceae, essential oil composition, methyl eugenol, GC/MSAbstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. growing in the North West Karnataka, India, was investigated. The hydro-distilled essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results demonstrated that the oil was found to be rich in phenyl derivative compounds (83.8%). The major compound was identified as methyl eugenol (82.9%) among twenty-six compounds, comprising 98.9% of the total oil.Downloads
References
Adams, R. P. (2007). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy. Illinois, USA: Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream.
Awasthi, P. K., & Dixit, S. C. (2007). Chemical compositions of Ocimum sanctum Shyama and Ocimum sanctum Rama oils from the plains of Northern India. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 10, 292-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2007.10643557
Bhargava, K. P., & Singh, N. (1981). Antistress activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 73, 443-451. PMid:7275241
Bhattacharya, A. K., Kaul, P. N., & Rajeswara Rao, B. R. (1996). Essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (syn. Ocimum sanctum L.) grown in Andhra Pradesh. Indian Perfumer, 40, 73-75.
Brophy, J. J., Goldsack, R. J., & Clarkson, J. R. (1993). The essential oil of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (Lamiaceae) growing in Northern Australia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 5, 459-461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1993.9698260
Devi, P. U. (2001). Radioprotective, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties of the Indian holy basil, Ocimum sanctum (Tulasi). Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 39, 185-190.
Gbolade, A. A., & Lockwood, G. B. (2008). Toxicity of Ocimum sanctum L. essential oil to Aedes aegypti larvae and its chemical composition. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 11, 148-153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2008.10643611
Godhwani, S., Godhwani, J. L., & Vyas, D. S. (1987). Ocimum sanctum: an experimental study evaluating its antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity in animals. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 21, 153-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(87)90125-5
Joshi, R. K. (2011). GC/MS analysis of the essential oil of Senecio belgaumensis flowers. Natural Product Communications, 6, 1145-1146. PMid:21922922
Joshi, R. K. (2013a). Chemical composition, in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum, O. Sanctum and their major constituents. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 75, 457-462. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.119834 PMid:24302801 PMCid:PMC3831728
Joshi, R. K. (2013b). Chemical constituents and antibacterial property of the essential oil of the roots of Cyathocline purpurea. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 145, 621-625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.11.045 PMid:23220198
Joshi, R. K., & Badakar, V. (2012). Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the flowers of Tridax procumbens L. Natural Product Communications, 7, 941-942. PMid:22908588
Joshi, R. K., & Sharma, A. K. (2014). Cis-ocimenone chemotype essential oil of green mint (Mentha viridis L.) from Western Ghats region of North West Karnataka, India. Plant Science Today, 1, 10-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2014.1.1.7
Joshi, R. K., Badakar, V., & Kholkute, S. D. (2011a). Carvacrol rich essential oils of Coleus aromaticus (Benth.) from Western Ghats region of North West Karnataka, India. Advances of Environmental Biology, 5, 1307-1310.
Joshi, R. K., Badakar, V. M., Kholkute, S. D., & Khatib, N. (2011b). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the leaves of Feronia elephantum (Rutaceae) from North West Karnataka. Natural Product Communications, 6, 141-143. PMid:21366066
Karthikeyan, K., Ravichadran, P., & Govindasamy, S. (1999). Chemopreventive effect of Ocimum sanctum on DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Oral Oncology, 35, 112-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1368-8375(98)00035-9
Kathiresan, K., Guanasekan, P., Rammurthy, N., & Govidswami, S. (1999). Anticancer activity of Ocimum sanctum. Pharmaceutical Biology, 37, 285-290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/phbi.37.4.285.5801
Khan, A., Ahmad, A., Akhtar, F., Yousuf, S., Xess, I., Khan, L. A., & Manzoor, N. (2010). Ocimum sanctum essential oil and its active principles exert their antifungal activity by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity. Research in microbiology, 161, 816-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2010.09.008 PMid:20868749
Kicel, A., Kurowska, A., & Kalemba, D. (2005). Composition of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum L. grown in Poland during vegetation. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17, 217-219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698880
Kothari, S. K., Bhattacharya, A. K., Ramesh, S., Garg, S. N., & Khanuja, S. P. S. (2005). Volatile constituents in oil from different plant parts of methyl eugenol-rich Ocimum tenuiflorum L. f. (syn. O. sanctum L.) grown in South India. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17, 656-658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9699025
Machado, M. I. L., Silva, M. G. V., Matos, F. J. A., Craveiro, A. A., & Alencar, J. W. (1999). Volatile constituents from leaves and inflorescence oil of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. f. (syn. O. sanctum L.) grown in Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 11, 324-326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701145
Mukherjee, R., Das, P. K., & Ram, G. C. (2005). Immunotherapeutic potential of Ocimum sanctum Linn. bovine subclinical mastitis. Research in Veterinary Science, 79, 37-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.11.001 PMid:15894022
Pandey, B. P. (1990). Economic Botany. Ramnagar, New Delhi: Chand and Company Ltd., p. 294.
Pino, J. A., Rosado, A., Rodriguez, M., & Garcia, D. (1998). Composition of the essential oil of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. grown in Cuba. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 10, 437-438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700937
Prashar, R., Kumar, A., Banerjee, S., & Rao, A. R. (1994). Chemopreventive action by an extract from Ocimum sanctum on mouse skin papillomagenesis and its enhancement of skin glutathione-S-transferase activity and acid soluble sulfhydryl level. Anticancer Drugs, 5, 567-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199410000-00008 PMid:7858289
Seth, S. D., Johri, N., & Sundaram, K. R. (1981). Antispermatogenic effect of Ocimum sanctum. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 19, 975-976. PMid:7309144
Singh, S., & Majumdar, D. K. (1997). Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of fatty acids of Ocimum sanctum fixed oil. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 35, 380-383. PMid:9315239
Singh, S., Malhotra, M., & Majumdar, D. K. (2005). Antibacterial activity of Ocimum sanctum L. fixed oil. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 43, 835-837. PMid:16187537
Sirkar, N. N. (1989). Pharmacological Basis of Ayurvedic Therapeutics. In: C. K. Atal & B. M. Kapoor (Eds.), Cultivation and utilization of medicinal plants. New Delhi: PID, CSIR.
Yadav, S. R., & Sardesai, M. M. (2002). Flora of Kolhapur District. Kolhapur: Rajhuns Printing Press, p. 382
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
