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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)

Genetic divergence and principle component analysis study for yield and cooking quality attributing traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.13281
Submitted
19 December 2025
Published
23-06-2026 — Updated on 01-07-2026
Versions

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple cereal crop with significant importance, for its wide variation and taste on consumer preferences across the world. Despite the wide genetic variation available, the crop continues to face several challenges from biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, sustained efforts are required to harness the existing genetic variability through selection for further improvement. So, a study was conducted during the kharif season of 2024 at the Post Graduate Research Farm of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, to evaluate 45 rice genotypes using randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The cluster analysis through Mahalanobis D2 study revealed maximum inter-cluster distances were between cluster V and VII (PB 1886 × Motia saru and PB 1121 × Bygon manjira) indicates genotypes belonging to this cluster can be taken into consideration for the hybridisation programme. The study further revealed number of filled grains per panicle contributing the maximum (10.90 %) towards total diversity. Principal component study revealed PC1 found with the highest eigenvalue (5.50) among all, contributing 25.01 % of the total variance. Important characters such as grain length, grain l:b ratio, kernel length and kernel length after cooking revealed positive weightage towards the first principal component. The biplot constituted with first two PCs with a cumulative variance of 38.3 %, representing a robust approximation for understanding the impact of trait on yield and their inter similarity. The rice germplasm can be utilised for characters such as grain length; it can be emphasised for superior transgressive segregants.

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