One major issue affecting the kidneys is bacterial nephritis. The bacterium that causes acute pyelonephritis is E. coli. According to studies, caocin and safranal are considered the most effective compounds found in saffron. They are easily penetrated through the bacterial wall because they are water-soluble, thus inhibiting their effectiveness. In addition to estimating certain elements and ions in the rats' blood and examining the histological alterations, The current study attempts to confirm the effectiveness of Crocus sativus extract as an antibacterial in infected animals. In this study, rats were infected with E. coli with a dose of 1*109 (CFU) and were subsequently given an aqueous extract of the plant at a dosage of 150 mg/kg for 14 days. The results showed that significantly decrease levels of sodium and potassium in the blood serum in the animal group treated with C. sativus extract, while the results show a significant increase in the level of hemoglobin and ferritin in the blood. There was also no significant change in the level of iron in group treated with C. sativus extraction compared to the infected animals group. Damage to Bowman's capsule was also evident in the histological architecture of the kidneys in the animals with bacterial infection. Renal filtration was enhanced by treatment with Crocus sativus aqueous extract, which also reduced tissue damage to the kidneys. Examined the effects of several amounts of C. sativus extract on the E. coli bacterium.
