Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024)

Bio-fumigants as grain protectants in storage-A review

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4176
Submitted
25 June 2024
Published
13-11-2024 — Updated on 18-11-2024
Versions

Abstract

Agriculture is a global lifeline, especially in developing nations like India, where over 70% of the population relies on it. Protecting food grains from insect pests during post-harvest storage is crucial, particularly in regions lacking advanced storage technologies, leading to significant losses. Fumigation is still a key strategy for safeguarding stored grains. Methyl bromide (MBr) and aluminium phosphide (AlP) are the widely used chemical fumigants. Phosphine is used to a greater extent today, but there are frequent reports that several storage pests have developed resistance to this fumigant. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization declared methyl bromide as an ozone-depleting chemical in 1995, and hence, most of the developed countries have phased out its use. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop alternatives having a possible replacement for these fumigants. Biofumigants are organic compounds derived from various plant sources, including essential oils, botanical powders, and plant residues or from microbial volatiles. They release volatile compounds toxic to pests but safe for humans and the environment, offering a sustainable pest management approach. Plants such as mustard and radish produce glucosinolates that release isothiocyanates, known for their pesticidal properties. Essential oils from eucalyptus, clove, and mint and volatiles from certain fungi and bacteria also exhibit fumigant properties. Biofumigants disrupt insect physiological and biochemical processes, leading to mortality or reduced reproduction. Studies showed their efficacy against pests like red flour beetle, lesser grain borer, and rice weevil. Unlike chemical fumigants, biofumigants do not leave harmful residues, preserving grain quality and aligning with organic farming practices. Shifting to biofumigants offers a promising, eco-friendly, and effective alternative for post-harvest pest management, ensuring food safety and sustainability

References

  1. Sharon M, Abirami CV, Alagusundaram K. Grain storage management in India. Journal of Postharvest Technology. 2014; 2(1):12-24.
  2. Anonymous. Indian Grain Storage Management and Research Institute, Hapur, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Department of Food and Public Distribution, Government of India. 2015.
  3. Agrios GJNY. Plant pathology.(5th eds.) Elsevier Academic Press. 2005.
  4. Godfray HCJ, Beddington JR, Crute IR, Haddad L, Lawrence D, Muir JF, et al. Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People. Science. 2010; 327(5967):812–818. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383
  5. Rajendran S. Status of fumigation in stored grains in India. Indian Journal of Entomology. 2016;78(special):28-38.
  6. Atwal AS, Dhaliwal GS. Agricultural pests of South Asia and their management. Kalyani publishers. 2015; 12 (1): 25-29.
  7. FAO. http://www.fao.org/inpho/content/compend/text/ch02-01.htm 2009.
  8. Rajashekar Y, Ravindra KV, Bakthavatsalam N. Leaves of Lantana camara Linn.(Verbenaceae) as a potential insecticide for the management of three species of stored grain insect pests. Journal of food science and technology. 2014; 51: 3494-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0884-8
  9. Stathas IG, Sakellaridis AC, Papadelli M, Kapolos J, Papadimitriou K, Stathas GJ. The effects of insect infestation on stored agricultural products and the quality of food. Foods. 2023; 12(10): 2046. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12102046
  10. Babarinde, SA, and Akinyemi, AO. Natural Products for Fumigation and Treatment. In Control and Management of Pests in Stored Products. CRC Press; 2024; 492-533. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003309888
  11. Morra MJ, Kirkegaard JA. Isothiocyanate release from soil-incorporated Brassica tissues. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2002; 34(11):1683-90.
  12. Dutta TK, Khan MR, Phani V. Plant-parasitic nematode management via biofumigation using brassica and non-brassica plants: current status and future prospects. Current plant biology. 2019;17:17-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2019.02.001
  13. Devi, TB., Raina, V, and Rajashekar, Y. A novel biofumigant from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray for control of stored grain insect pests. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 2022; 184, 105116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105116
  14. Isman MB. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology. 2006; 51(1): 45-66. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151146
  15. Rajashekar Y, Kumar HV, Ravindra KV, Bakthavatsalam N. Isolation and characterization of biofumigant from leaves of Lantana camara for control of stored grain insect pests. Industrial Crops and Products. 2013; 51: 224-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.09.006
  16. Shaaya E, Kostyukovsky M. The use of phytochemicals as fumigants for the control of stored product insect pests. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research. 2011; 43(2): 245-51. https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2011.245
  17. Rajendran S, Sriranjini V. Plant products as fumigants for stored-product insect control. Journal of stored products Research. 2008; 44(2): 126-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2007.08.003
  18. Rajashekar Y, Tonsing N, Shantibala T, Manjunath JR. 2, 3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride (3, 4-Dimethyl-2, 5-furandione): A plant derived insecticidal molecule from Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta (L.) Schott. Scientific reports. 2016; 6(1): 20546. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20546
  19. Wang Z, Xie Y, Sabier M, Zhang T, Deng J, Song X, Liao Z, Li Q, Yang S, Cao Y, Liu X. Trans-anethole is a potent toxic fumigant that partially inhibits rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus) acetylcholinesterase activity. Industrial Crops and Products. 2021; 161: 113207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.113207
  20. Campolo O, Giunti G, Russo A, Palmeri V, Zappalà L. Essential oils in stored product insect pest control. Journal of Food Quality. 2018; 1: 6906105. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6906105
  21. Tessema FB, Belachew AM, Gonfa YH, Asfaw TB, Admassie ZG, Bachheti A, Bachheti RK, Tadesse MG. Efficacy of fumigant compounds from essential oil of feverfew (Chrysanthemum parthenium L.) against maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Mots.): Fumigant toxicity test and in-silico study. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia. 2024; 38(2): 457-72. https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.13
  22. Peterson CJ, Tsao R, Coats JR. Naturally occurring cyanohydrins, analogues and derivatives as potential insecticides. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science. 2000; 56(7): 615-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/1526-4998(200007)56:7<615::aid-ps173>3.0.co;2-w
  23. Park DS, Peterson C, Zhao S, Coats JR. Fumigation toxicity of volatile natural and synthetic cyanohydrins to stored?product pests and activity as soil fumigants. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science. 2004; 60(8): 833-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.807
  24. Isman MB. Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop protection. 2000; 19(10): 603-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00079-x
  25. Karavina C, Mandumbu R. Biofumigation for crop protection: potential for adoption in Zimbabwe. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences. 2012;14(3): 1996-2005.
  26. Shaaya E, Kostyukovsky M. Alternative fumigants to methyl bromide for the control of pest infestation in grain and dry food products. Julius-Kühn-Archiv. 2010; 425:433. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0194-1_16
  27. Braun G, Vailati M, Prange R, Bevis E. Muscodor albus volatiles control toxigenic fungi under controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(12): 15848-58. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131215848
  28. Bhatnagar-Thomas PL, Pal AK. Studies on the insecticidal activity of garlic oil. II. Mode of action of the oil as a pesticide in Musca domestica nebulo Fabr and Trogoderma granarium Everts. 197; 153-158.
  29. Houghton PJ, Ren Y, Howes MJ. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from plants and fungi. Natural product reports. 2006; 23(2): 181-99. https://doi.org/10.1039/b508966m
  30. De-Oliveira AC, Ribeiro-Pinto LF, Paumgartten FJ. In vitro inhibition of CYP2B1 monooxygenase by ?-myrcene and other monoterpenoid compounds. Toxicology letters. 1997; 92(1): 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00034-9
  31. Karr LL, Drewes CD, Coats JR. Toxic effects of d-limonene in the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 1990; 36(2): 175-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(90)90009-q
  32. Huang Y, Ho SH, Kini RM. Bioactivities of safrole and isosafrole on Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 1999; 92(3): 676-83. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/92.3.676
  33. Lee SE, Lee BH, Choi WS, Park BS, Kim JG, Campbell BC. Fumigant toxicity of volatile natural products from Korean spices and medicinal plants towards the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L). Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science. 2000; 57(6): 548-53. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.322
  34. Kostyukovsky M, Rafaeli A, Gileadi C, Demchenko N, Shaaya E. Activation of octopaminergic receptors by essential oil constituents isolated from aromatic plants: possible mode of action against insect pests. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science. 2002; 58(11): 1101-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.548
  35. Abdelgaleil SA, Mohamed MI, Shawir MS, Abou-Taleb HK. Chemical composition, insecticidal and biochemical effects of essential oils of different plant species from Northern Egypt on the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. Journal of Pest Science. 2016; 89: 219-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0665-z
  36. Koutsaviti A, Antonopoulou V, Vlassi A, Antonatos S, Michaelakis A, Papachristos DP, et al. Chemical composition and fumigant activity of essential oils from six plant families against Sitophilus oryzae (Col: Curculionidae). Journal of Pest Science. 2017; 91: 873-86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0934-0
  37. Saroukolai AT, Moharramipour S, Meshkatalsadat MHJJops. Insecticidal properties of Thymus persicus essential oil against Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae. Journal of Pest Science. 2010;83:3-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-009-0261-1
  38. Kambouzia J, Negahban M, Moharramipour S. Fumigant toxicity of Eucalyptus leucoxylon against stored product insects. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 2009; 3(2): 229-33.
  39. Negahban M, Moharramipour S. Fumigant toxicity of Eucalyptus intertexta, Eucalyptus sargentii and Eucalyptus camaldulensis against stored?product beetles. Journal of Applied entomology. 2007; 131(4): 256-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01152.x
  40. Ko K, Juntarajumnong W, Chandrapatya A. Insecticidal activities of essential oils from fruits of Litsea salicifolia Roxb. ex Wall. Against Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2010; 42(5).
  41. Yang FL, Zhu F, Lei CL. Garlic essential oil and its major component as fumigants for controlling Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in chambers filled with stored grain. Journal of pest science. 2010; 83: 311-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-010-0300-y
  42. Nouri-Ganbalani G, Ebadollahi A, Nouri A. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Eucalyptus procera dehnh. And its insecticidal effects against two stored product insects. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 2016; 19(5): 1234-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060x.2016.1178606
  43. Khani A, Asghari J. Insecticide activity of essential oils of Mentha longifolia, Pulicaria gnaphalodes and Achillea wilhelmsii against two stored product pests, the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Insect Science. 2012; 12(1): 73. https://doi.org/10.1673/031.012.7301
  44. Bachrouch O, Jemaa JM, Talou T, Marzouk B, Abderraba M. Fumigant toxicity of Pistacia lentiscus essential oil against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. Bulletin of Insectology. 2010; 63(1): 129-35. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.853.49
  45. Stejskal V, Vendl T, Aulicky R, Athanassiou C. Synthetic and natural insecticides: Gas, liquid, gel and solid formulations for stored-product and food-industry pest control. Insects. 2021; 12(7): 590. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12070590
  46. Mishra RC, Kumar J. Evaluation of Mentha piperita L. oil as a fumigant against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Indian Perfumer. 1983; 12(1): 123-134.
  47. Srivastava S, Gupta KC, Agrawal A. Japanese mint oil as fumigant and its effect on insect infestation, nutritive value and germinability of pigeonpea seeds during storage.1989;96-98
  48. Singh M, Srivastava S, Srivastava RP, Chauhan SS. Effect of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) oil as fumigant on nutritional quality of stored sorghum. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 1995; 47: 109-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01089259
  49. Lee S, Peterson CJ, Coats JR. Fumigation toxicity of monoterpenoids to several stored product insects. Journal of stored products research. 2003; 39(1): 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-474x(02)00020-6
  50. Liu ZL, Ho SH. Bioactivity of the essential oil extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa Hook f. et Thomas against the grain storage insects, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Journal of Stored Products Research. 1999; 35(4): 317-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-474x(99)00015-6
  51. Vokou D, Douvli P, Blionis GJ, Halley JM. Effects of monoterpenoids, acting alone or in pairs, on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth. Journal of chemical ecology. 2003; 29: 2281-301.
  52. Rozman V, Kalinovic I, Liška A. Bioactivity of 1, 8-cineole, camphor and carvacrol against rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus Steph.) on stored wheat.
  53. Prates HT, Santos JP, Waquil JM, Fabris JD, Oliveira AB. The potential use of plant substances extracted from Brazilian flora to control stored grain pest. InProceedings of the seventh international conference on stored-product protection, Beijing, China. Sichuan Publishing House of Science and Technology, Chengdu 1998; 820-825.
  54. Kim DH, Ahn YJ. Contact and fumigant activities of constituents of Foeniculum vulgare fruit against three coleopteran stored?product insects. Pest Management Science: Formerly Pesticide Science. 2001; 57(3): 301-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.274
  55. Edde PA. A review of the biology and control of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) the lesser grain borer. Journal of Stored Products Research. 2012; 48:1-8.
  56. Mowery SV, Mullen MA, Campbell JF, Broce AB. Mechanisms underlying sawtoothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis [L.]) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) infestation of consumer food packaging materials. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2002; 95(6): 1333-6. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.6.1333
  57. Batta YA. Control of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L., Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with various formulations of Metarhizium anisopliae. Crop Protection. 2004; 23(2): 103-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2003.07.001
  58. Rees DP. Insects of stored products. CSIRO publishing; 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101128
  59. Kranz J, Schmutterer H, Koch W. Diseases, pests, and weeds in tropical crops. Soil Science. 1978; 125(4): 272. https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-197804000-00020
  60. Baldwin R, Fasulo TR. Confused Flour Beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)(Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). UF/IFAS Extension: Gainesville. 2003. https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-in566-2004
  61. Saikia J, Goswami MM, Bhattacharyya B. Biology and detection technique of Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on stored rice and maize grains. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud. 2014; 2: 9-11.
  62. Pierce AM, Pierce Jr HD, Oehlschlager AC, Borden JH. Attraction of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) and Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel)(Coleoptera: Cucujidae) to some common volatiles of food. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1990; 16(2): 465-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01021778
  63. Prazic-Golic M, Andric G, Kljajic P. Effects of 50 C temperature on Sitophilus granarius (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2011; 26(3): 221-7. https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1103221p
  64. Atwa WA. Biological studies on Latheticus oryzae Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Monoufeya Journal of Agricultural Research. 1986; 11(2).
  65. Neethirajan S, Karunakaran C, Jayas DS, White ND. Detection techniques for stored-product insects in grain. Food control. 2007; 18(2): 157-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.09.008
  66. Mewis I, Ulrichs C. Action of amorphous diatomaceous earth against different stages of the stored product pests Tribolium confusum, Tenebrio molitor, Sitophilus granarius and Plodia interpunctella. Journal of stored products research. 2001; 37(2): 153-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-474x(00)00016-3
  67. Patel VK, Chaudhuri N, Senapati SK. Biology of pulse beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis Linn.) as influenced by feeding of different grain pulses. Agricultural Science Digest. 2005; 25(4): 254-6.
  68. Pokharkar PK, Mehta DM. Biology of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis in stored chickpea. Progressive Agriculture. 2011; 11(1): 34-6.
  69. Lefkovitch LP. A laboratory study of Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). Journal of Stored Products Research. 1967; 3(3): 235-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474x(67)90050-1
  70. Ahmedani MS, Khaliq A, Tariq M, Anwar M, Naz S. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts): A serious threat to food security and safety. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2007; 44(3): 481-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_86799
  71. Sarwar M. Distinguishing and controlling insect pests of stored foods for improving quality and safety. American Journal of Marketing Research. 2015; 1(3): 201-7.
  72. Tiroesele B, Thomas K, Seketeme S. Control of cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), using natural plant products. Insects. 2014; 6(1): 77-84. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects6010077
  73. Devi MB, Devi NV. Biology and morphometric measurement of cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus fabr.(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in green gram. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2014; 2(3): 74-6.
  74. Sadd B, Holman L, Armitage H, Lock F, Marland R, Siva?Jothy MT. Modulation of sexual signalling by immune challenged male mealworm beetles (Tenebrio molitor, L.): evidence for terminal investment and dishonesty. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2006; 19(2): 321-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.01062.x
  75. Upadhyay RK, Ahmad S. Management strategies for control of stored grain insect pests in farmer stores and public ware houses. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2011; 7(5): 527-49.
  76. Regnault-Roger C, Hamraoui A. Fumigant toxic activity and reproductive inhibition induced by monoterpenes on Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera), a bruchid of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Stored Products Research. 1995; 31(4): 291-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474x(95)00025-3
  77. Millar JG, Pierce Jr HD, Pierce AM, Oehlschlager AC, Borden JH, Barak AV. Aggregation pheromones of the flat grain beetle, Cryptolestes pusillus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology. 1985; 11(8): 1053-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01020675
  78. Huang Y, Ho SH. Toxicity and antifeedant activities of cinnamaldehyde against the grain storage insects, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. Journal of Stored Products Research. 1998; 34(1):11-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-474x(97)00038-6
  79. Raja N, Babu A, Dorn S, Ignacimuthu S. Potential of plants for protecting stored pulses from Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) infestation. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture. 2001; 19(1): 19-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2001.9754906
  80. García M, Donadel OJ, Ardanaz CE, Tonn CE, Sosa ME. Toxic and repellent effects of Baccharis salicifolia essential oil on Tribolium castaneum. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science. 2005; 61(6): 612-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1028
  81. Sahaf BZ, Moharramipour S, Meshkatalsadat MH. Chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of essential oil from Carum copticum against two stored product beetles. Insect Science. 2007; 14(3): 213-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2007.00146.x
  82. Motazedian N, Aleosfoor M, Davoodi A, Bandani AR. Insecticidal activity of five medicinal plant essential oils against the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae. Journal of crop protection. 2014; 3(2): 137-46.
  83. Chaubey MK. Fumigant toxicity of essential oils from some common spices against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Oleo Science. 2008; 57(3): 171-9. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.57.171
  84. Park IK, Kim LS, Choi IH, Lee YS, Shin SC. Fumigant activity of plant essential oils and components from Schizonepeta tenuifolia against Lycoriella ingenua (Diptera: Sciaridae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 2006; 99(5): 1717-21. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.5.1717
  85. Park IK, Shin SC. Fumigant activity of plant essential oils and components from garlic (Allium sativum) and clove bud (Eugenia caryophyllata) oils against the Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe). Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2005; 53(11): 4388-92. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050393r
  86. Fang R, Jiang CH, Wang XY, Zhang HM, Liu ZL, Zhou L, Du SS, Deng ZW. Insecticidal activity of essential oil of Carum carvi fruits from China and its main components against two-grain storage insects. Molecules. 2010; 15(12): 9391-402. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129391
  87. Mohamed MI, Abdelgaleil SA. Chemical composition and insecticidal potential of essential oils from Egyptian plants against Sitophilus oryzae (L.)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology. 2008; 43(4): 599-607. https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.2008.599
  88. Arabi F, Moharramipour S, Sefidkon F. Fumigant toxicity of essential oil from Tanacetum polycephalum against Tribolium castaneum and Callosobruchus maculatus. Int Prot Stored Prod IOBC/WPRS Bull. 2008;40:249-52.
  89. Zapata N, Smagghe G. Repellency and toxicity of essential oils from the leaves and bark of Laurelia sempervirens and Drimys winteri against Tribolium castaneum. Industrial Crops and products. 2010; 32(3): 405-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.06.005
  90. Mossa AT. Green pesticides: Essential oils as biopesticides in insect-pest management. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2016; 9(5): 354. https://doi.org/10.3923/jest.2016.354.378
  91. Chu SS, Liu QR, Liu ZL. Insecticidal activity and chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia vestita from China against Sitophilus zeamais. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2010; 38(4): 489-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2010.04.011
  92. Wang X, Hao Q, Chen Y, Jiang S, Yang Q, Li QJJoIS. The effect of chemical composition and bioactivity of several essential oils on Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). 2015; 15(1): 116. https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iev093

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.