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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Early Access

Effect of elevated carbon dioxide on the control of lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) in stored rice and its impact on seed quality

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4971
Submitted
6 September 2024
Published
28-04-2025
Versions

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of carbon dioxide (CO?) exposure at different concentrations, seed moisture levels and number of exposures on the physiological, biochemical and seed health characteristics of rice cv ADT 43. Initially, rice seeds were treated in a deep freezer for 48 h to eliminate Rhyzoperth dominica infestations. Fresh insects (25 per kg of seeds) were introduced and kept for 20 days before transferring the seeds to airtight containers. The seeds were exposed to CO? once or thrice at 15-day intervals, using CO? concentrations of 30%, 40% and 50%, with 12% and 14% seed moisture contents. The effectiveness of CO? in controlling insect infestations was assessed, alongside its impact on seed viability, germination and overall seed health. Seeds were monitored over 8 months to track changes in seed vigor and insect damage. CO? exposure did not cause substantial changes in seed moisture content and maintained low metabolic activity in both seeds and insects. The best results were observed with exposure to 50% CO? at 12% seed moisture, especially when repeated thrice, preserved optimal seed quality, including high germination percentage (86% to 87%), longer root (20.3cm) and shoot lengths (9.2) and better dry matter production (DMP) (0.128) compared to the control group. The results of the biochemical analysis show that there is no significant difference among the treatments. CO? fumigation at concentrations of 30%, 40%, or 50% is an effective method that offers a promising alternative for controlling insect infestations in rice seeds pest control in seed storage without adversely affecting seed viability or quality.

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