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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)

Influence of weather factors on leaf gall thrips and scale infestation in black pepper

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6541
Submitted
5 December 2024
Published
30-04-2025 — Updated on 24-05-2025
Versions

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between weather factors and the infestation levels of leaf gall thrips (Liothrips karnyi) and scales (Aspidiotus destructor) in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). These 2 pests that significantly impact pepper production and quality. We analyzed data collected over multiple seasons, to assess how temperature, humidity, rainfall and other climatic variables influence pest prevalence and damage levels. The results reveal that weather factors influence pest damage in black pepper. For leaf gall thrips (%LDT), minimum (r = 0.298*) and maximum temperature (r = 0.771**) showed positive correlations, while maximum humidity (r = - 0.364**), minimum humidity (r = - 0.511**) and rainfall (r = - 0.605**) had negative correlations. Regression models revealed maximum temperature, minimum humidity and rainfall as key predictors, explaining 72.6% of % LDT variation. For scales (%SDS), maximum temperature (r = 0.638**) positively correlated, while rainfall (r = - 0.604**) and humidity negatively correlated. Regression identified maximum temperature, rainfall and minimum temperature as significant, explaining 60.6% of %SDS variability. Maximum temperature consistently increased pest damage, while higher humidity and rainfall reduced it. Our findings suggest that optimal management of these pests requires tailored strategies based on seasonal weather patterns. The outcomes provide valuable insights for farmers, agronomists and policymakers, emphasizing the need for adaptive pest management strategies to counteract climate variability's potential impacts on black pepper's pest dynamics.

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