Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)

Variations in the morphology, postharvest behaviour and phytochemical properties of commercial red-coloured cultivars of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis in West Bengal

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.7092
Submitted
6 January 2025
Published
08-05-2025 — Updated on 19-05-2025
Versions

Abstract

In West Bengal, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn., commonly known as China rose, is one of the most important essential loose flowers cultivated commercially by farmers. Among different shades of colours, red-coloured varieties are indispensable for worshipping Goddess Kali. Large quantities of loose flowers at the bud stage and garlands are transported from West Bengal to other parts of India. However, almost no literature on postharvest changes in China rose. To address this issue, the present study was undertaken with four major red types of China rose: Kali Jaba, Alipore Beauty, Versicolor, Celia and Red Dragon, suggested by the All India Coordinated Research Project on Floriculture, BCKV. Based on floral biology, these five cultivars were primarily divided into two categories. Single type (Kali Jaba, Alipore Beauty and Versicolor) and Double type (Celia and Red Dragon). Moreover, the cultivar Celia could be sub-grouped under Double II and Red Dragon under Double III as per the variations in epicalyx, modified stamens and carpels. By analyzing all the data, it could be concluded that Kali Jaba among the single-petalled red cultivars and Red Dragon among the double-petalled cultivars were superior in terms of morphology, postharvest behaviour and phytochemical properties. These findings may be helpful in better understanding the morphology, postharvest behaviour and changes in phytochemical properties of red-coloured cultivars of anthocyanin-rich Hibiscus flowers, which might serve as valuable data for further research and breeding programs.

References

  1. 1. Adhirajan N, Kumar TR, Shanmugasundaram N, Babu M. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of hair growth potential of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis Linn. J Ethnopharma. 2003;88:235–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00231-9
  2. 2. Khristi V, Patel VH. Therapeutic potential of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis: A review. Int J Nutr Diet. 2016;4(2):105–23. https://doi.org/10.17654/ND004020105
  3. 3. Akpan GA. Hibiscus: Hibiscus rosa–sinensis. In: Neil OA, editor. Flower Breeding and Genetics: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for the 21st Century. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007. p. 479–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4428-1_17
  4. 4. Bhattacharjee SK. Advances in ornamental horticulture. Jaipur: Pointer Publishers; 2006. p. 128–39.
  5. 5. Hoyer L. Critical ethylene exposure for Hibiscus rosa–sinensis is dependent on an interaction between ethylene concentration and duration. Postharvest Bio Tech. 1996; 9(1):87–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-5214(96)00027-0
  6. 6. Indiabiodiversity. Hibiscus rosa–sinensis L. [Internet] [cited 2023 June 9]. Available from: https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/229932
  7. 7. Hibiscus flower export from India. [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 June 9]. Available from: https://www.volza.com/p/hibiscus-flowers/export/export-from-india/.
  8. 8. Salamah A, Prihatiningsih R, Rostina I, Dwiranti A. Comparative morphology of single and double flowers in Hibiscus rosa–sinensis L. (Malvaceae): A homeosis study. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018;2023(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5064133
  9. 9. Saifudin A, Salamah A. Variations in the morphology of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis crested peach flowers in nature. Math Sci. 2017;2021:012039. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1725/1/012039
  10. 10. Nielsen SS. Determination of moisture content. 2nd ed. United States of America: Food Science Texts Series, Springer; 2002. p. 17–27.
  11. 11. Chakrabarty DS, Chowdhury TK, Mandi L. High valued Hibiscus. Floriculture Today. 2023:28–32. https://floriculturetoday.in/online-edition
  12. 12. Ranganna S. In: Handbook of Analysis and quality control for fruit and vegetable products. 2nd ed . New Delhi, Tata McGraw–Hill; 1986
  13. 13. Lee J, Durst RW, Wrolstad RE. Determination of total monomeric anthocyanin pigment content of fruit juices, beverages, natural colorants and wines by the pH differential method: collaborative study. Int J AOAC. 2005;88(5):1269–78. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.5.1269
  14. 14. Gao MR, Xu QD, He Q, Sun Q, Zeng WC. A theoretical and experimental study: the influence of different standards on the determination of total phenol content in the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. J Food MC. 2019;13:1349–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-019-00050-6
  15. 15. Baliyan S, Mukherjee R, Priyadarshini A, Vibhuti A, Gupta A, Pandey RP, Chang CM. Determination of antioxidants by DPPH radical scavenging activity and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Ficus religiosa. Molecules. 2022;27(4):1326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041326
  16. 16. Gomez KA, Gomez AA. Statistical procedure for agricultural research. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1984
  17. 17. Slamet A. The diversity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis based on morphological approach. Sci Edu: J Pendi Sain. 2018;7(1):33–41. https://doi.org/10.24235/sc.educatia.v7i1.2503
  18. 18. Braglia L, Bruna S, Lanteri S, Mercuri A, Portis E. An AFLP-based assessment of the genetic diversity within Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and its place within the Hibiscus genus complex. Sci Horti. 2010;123(3):372–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.10.003
  19. 19. Cheok CY, Ragunathan A. Anthocyanin degradation kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of Hibiscus Rosa–Sinensis L. Clitoria Ternatea L. and Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Progress Energy Environ. 2022;19(3):1–12. https://doi.org/10.37934/progee.19.1.112
  20. 20. Afify AEMMR, Hassan HMM. Free radical scavenging activity of three different flowers– Hibiscus rosa–sinensis, Quisqualis indica and Senna surattensis. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2016;6(9):771–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.07.006
  21. 21. Mak YW, Chuah LO, Ahmad R, Bhat R. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa–sinensis L.) and Cassia (Senna bicapsularis L.) flower extracts. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2013;25(4):275–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2012.12.003
  22. 22. Pillai SS, Mini S. In vitro antioxidant activities of different solvent fractions from the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis petals. Int J Pharma Sci Res. 2014;5(9):3879. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(9).3879-85
  23. 23. Falade OS, Aderogba MA, Kehinde O, Akinpelu BA, Oyedapo BO, Adewusi SR. Studies on the chemical constituents, antioxidants and membrane stability activities of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis. Nige J Natural Pro Med. 2009;13:58–64. https://doi.org/10.4314/njnpm.v13i1.61609
  24. 24. Sheth F, De S. Evaluation of comparative antioxidant potential of four cultivars of Hibiscus rosa–sinensis L. by HPLC–DPPH method. Free Rad antioxi. 2013;2(4):73–78. https://doi.org/10.5530/ax.2012.4.13

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.