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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 12 No. sp1 (2025): Recent Advances in Agriculture by Young Minds - II

Genetic determinants underlying major disease resistance in sunflower: A review

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.8883
Submitted
15 April 2025
Published
31-07-2025 — Updated on 15-08-2025
Versions

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop worldwide, valued for its high-quality edible oil which is a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids and rich in vitamin E. It is widely preferred due to its adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions and short growing period. Statistical reports from Indiastat revealed that the sunflower cultivation in India covers 1.25 % of the global area and contributes around 0.58 % of the world’s production. However, its productivity is often hindered by many biotic stresses, especially diseases ranging from 30 % to 70 %. Although pest infestations do occur, diseases are considered more critical due to their rapid spread, persistent nature and potential for severe crop losses across various growing seasons. Considering all the factors, effective disease management is thus essential to sustain and enhance sunflower production, ensuring food security and economic stability for farmers. It is essential to comprehend the genetic factors that influence disease resistance to create cultivars that are high-yielding and durable and to improve crop sustainability along with reduced fungicide need. The promise of developing sunflower cultivars with broad-spectrum and long-lasting resistance lies in the integration of conventional and molecular approaches such as detection of resistant quantitative trait loci (QTLs), utilisation of wild species and the application of genomic selection strategies. This review consolidates existing insights into the genetic keystones of disease resistance in sunflower and highlights how wild Helianthus species serve as important reservoirs of resistance genes.

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