In the last decade, nanotechnology has garnered significant interest from both academia and business, serving a crucial function in the advancement of medical, biological and economical fields. The chemical and physical (nano-physiochemistry) functionalization of textiles by nanotechnology has initiated a new stage in sophisticated materials characterized by enhanced characteristics and functionalities. Nano-physiochemistry is an area of knowledge focused on obtaining and characterizing materials at the nanometric scale. This subdiscipline has made valuable contributions to research, industry, technology and environment, including applications in electronics, nanodevices and systems, composite materials, biotechnology, medicine and the textile industry. The aim of this study is to critically review the current advancements in nano-physiochemistry, exploring its future directions, emerging trends and potential applications. The present study also includes an overview of the chemical and physical methods for the preparation of nanomaterials, along with a discussion of various characterization techniques employed to analyze these materials. In conclusion, this review highlights the advancements in nano-physiochemistry, focusing on its future directions and potential applications. It emphasizes the role of chemical and physical methods in the preparation of nanomaterials and the importance of various characterization techniques in understanding their properties. Ongoing research is essential to optimize these methods and explore new prospects for the broader application of nano-physiochemistry.