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Plant Science Today (PST)

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Early Access

Genetic variability and correlation analysis of diverse Jamun (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels) genotypes in southern Rajasthan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.9482
Submitted
17 May 2025
Published
07-09-2025
Versions

Abstract

In this research study, a survey was conducted in two districts of Rajasthan to evaluate genetic biodiversity of Jamun (Syzygium cumini), as it stands as an underutilized minor fruit and very little is known about its genetic diversity, conservation or breeding advancement strategies in this region. The study included forty genotypes of Jamun which were systematically evaluated for over two consecutive fruiting seasons (2022 and 2023) to assess the mean performance, genetic variability and interrelationships among diverse morpho-biochemical traits. The study suggested high values for genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for most of the traits, indicating high genetic variability. Also, the PCV exceeded GCV in most traits suggesting stronger influence of environment in the observed variation. The mean performance demonstrated that the genotypes HMRK-J2 and HMRK-J4 emerged as promising genotypes and exhibited stronger performance across multiple quantitative and qualitative traits. Key attributes including fruit weight, seed weight, total soluble solids, total sugar, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content demonstrated elevated values of heritability, genetic advance and genetic gain suggesting that these traits are controlled by additive gene action, thus offering greater potential for crop improvement through selection. Notably, the fruit weight exhibited strong positive correlation with total soluble solids, fruit length, pulp content, pulp-to-seed ratio and seed weight, suggesting that these traits are genetically linked and could be co-selected in breeding programs targeting towards yield and quality improvement.

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