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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp2 (2026): Recent Advances in Agriculture

Enhancing crop resilience and productivity through optimised nutrient management under abiotic and biotic stresses

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.12653
Submitted
9 November 2025
Published
05-06-2026

Abstract

Plants continuously encounter a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely influence physiological, biochemical and metabolic processes, leading to substantial yield losses worldwide. Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat, waterlogging and heavy metal toxicity disrupt cellular homeostasis and photosynthetic efficiency, while biotic agents, including pathogens, pests, nematodes and weeds further compromise plant growth and productivity. Nutrient management plays a pivotal role in enhancing plant resilience to these stressors. Balanced application of macronutrients (sodium (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S)), micronutrients like zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), boron (B), copper (Cu)) and beneficial elements such as silicon not only sustains physiological functioning but also activates antioxidant defence systems, osmotic regulation and cellular detoxification mechanisms. Nutrient management, combining chemical fertilisers with organic amendments and microbial inoculants, strengthens root development, improves water and nutrient use efficiency and enhances stress tolerance through synergistic nutrient interactions. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the physiological roles of essential nutrients in mitigating plant stresses, evaluates their mechanisms of action and highlights sustainable management strategies that harmonise productivity with environmental stewardship. This review synthesises the integrative role of plant nutrients in reinforcing physiological and biochemical defence mechanisms and highlights future research priorities essential for developing climate-resilient crop production strategies.

 

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