In vitro and in vivo evaluation of different measures to control Ascochyta blight in chickpea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.1781Keywords:
Ascochyta blight, Biocontrol, Chickpea, Fungicides, Plant extractsAbstract
Ascochyta blight, an infection caused by Ascochyta rabiei is a destructive disease in many chickpea growing regions and it caused significant yield losses. To minimize the impact of Ascochyta blight, 5 fungicides viz., Aliette, Cabrio Top, Thiovit Jet, Cymoxanil and Difenoconazole, 5 plants extracts namely Azadirachta indica, Azadirachta azedarach, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium album and Allium sativum L. and two strains T-22 and E58 of bio-control agents (BCAs) Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus flavus were evaluated on the growth of A. rabiei under in vitro conditions by using the food poison technique. The colony growth of Ascochyta rabiei was inhibited at all concentrations of fungicides @ 0.07, 0.15, 0.21%, plants extracts @ 4, 6, 9% and bio-control agents @ 105, 106 and 107 conidia ml-1 respectively. Among all applied treatments, maximum inhibition colony growth of pathogen was recorded in the case of Aliette (83.4%), followed by Cabrio Top (74.3%), Azadirachta indica (50.3%) and Trichoderma viride (60.3%) at their high concentrations. Field trials showed that Aliette and Cabario Top significantly reduced the disease severity to 10 % and 24% respectively, followed by Azadirachta indica and Allium sativum which reduced the disease severity to 40% and 50% respectively. Bio-control agent Trichoderma viride proved less effective in controlling Ascochyta bight severity under field conditions. The present study showed that systemic and sulphur containing fungicides, plant extracts and bio-control agents (BCAs) have the potential to control Ascochyta blight in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Downloads
References
Fikre, A, Desmae H, Ahmed S. Tapping the econom- ic potential of chickpea in sub-Saharan Africa. Agronomy. 2020;10(11):1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111707.
Mudryj AN, Yu N, Aukema HM. Nutritional and health benefits of pulses. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 2014;39(11):1197-204. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0557.
Chongo G, Buchwaldt L, Gossen BD, Lafond GP, May WE, Johnson EN, Hogg T. Foliar fungicides to manage Ascochyta blight [Ascochyta rabiei] of chickpea in Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2003;25(2):135-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660309507061.
Gossen BD, Miller PR. Survival of Ascochyta rabiei in chickpea residue on the Canadian prairies. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2004;26(2):142-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660409507125.
Pande SK, Siddique KH, Kishore GK, Bayaa B, Gaur PM, Gowda CL et al. Ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): A review of biology, pathogenicity and disease management. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 2005;56(4):317-32. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04143.
Rani U, Singh S, Basandrai AK, Rathee VK, Tripathi K, Singh N et al. Identification of novel resistant sources for Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei) in chickpea. Plos one. 2020;15(10):e0240589. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240589.
Pande S, Siddique KH, Kishore GK, Bayaa B, Gaur PM, Gowda CL et al. Ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): a review of biology, pathogenicity and disease management. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 2005;56(4):317-32. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04143.
Banniza S, Armstrong-Cho CL, Gan Y, Chongo G. Evaluation of fungicide efficacy and application frequency for the control of Ascochyta blight in chickpea. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2011;33(2):135-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2011.561875.
Hernandez-Terrones MG, Morais SA, Ferreira S, Santos DQ, Nascimento EA, Chang R. Phytochemistry and allelophatic study of Pterodon emarginatus stem extract. Planta Daninha. 2007;25(4):755-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100- 83582007000400012.
Khajista J, Javaid A, Ahmad E, Athar M. Antifungal compounds from Melia azedarach leaves for management of Ascochyta rabiei, the cause of chickpea blight. Natural Product Research. 2011;25(3):264-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786411003754298.
Lubian C, Martinha DD, Portz R, Gonçalves MP, Holz S, Marcelino WL et al. Anthelmintic activity of plant aqueous extracts against Panagrellus redivivus in vitro. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico. 2019;86. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000672018.
Bisen K, Singh V, Keswani C, Ray S, Sarma BK, Singh HB. Use of Biocontrol Agents for the Management of Seed-Borne Diseases. In: Seed-Borne Diseases of Agricultural Crops: Detection, Diagnosis and Management. Springer, Singapore. 2020;651-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9046-4_22.
Agarwal T, Malhotra A, Trivedi PC, Biyani M. Biocontrol potential of Gliocladium virens against fungal pathogens isolated from chickpea, lentil and black gram seeds. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 2011;7(6):1833-39. http://www.ijat- aatsea.com ISSN 1686-9141.
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Woo SL, Lorito M. Trichoderma–plant–pathogen interactions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2008;40(1):1-0. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.002.
Segarra G, Casanova E, Avilés M, Trillas I. Trichoderma asperellum strain T34 controls Fusarium wilt disease in tomato plants in soilless culture through competition for iron. Microbial Ecology. 2010;59(1):141-9. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00248-009-9545-5.
Poveda J, Eugui D, Abril-Urias P. Could Trichoderma be a plant pathogen? Successful root colonization. In: Trichoderma 2020; 35-59. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3321-1_3
Alonso Ramírez A, Poveda J, Martín I, Hermosa R, Monte E, Nicolás C. Salicylic acid prevents Trichoderma harzianum from entering the vascular system of roots. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2014;15(8):823-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12141.
Ilyas MB, Iqbal A. Evaluation of fungicides for the eradication of seed borne Ascochyta rabiei fungus. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1986;23(3-4):145-49.
Choi YW, Hyde KD, Ho WH. Single spore isolation of fungi. Fungal Diversity. 1999;3:29-38.
Nene Y, Thapilyal L. Poisoned food technique of fungicides in plant disease control. 3rd edition. Oxford. New Delhi. 2002.
Shafique S, Shafique S, Bajwa R, Akhtar N, Hanif S. Fungitoxic activity of aqueous and organic solvent extracts of Tagetes erectus on phytopathogenic fungus- Ascochyta rabiei. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2011;43(1):59-64.
Navi SS, Rajasab AH, Yang XB. In vitro evaluation of commercial fungicides against some of the major soil borne pathogens of soybean. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology. 2016;7:340. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157- 7471.1000340.
Jabeen K, Javaid A, Ahmad E, Athar M. Antifungal compounds from Melia azedarach leaves for management of Ascochyta rabiei, the cause of chickpea blight. Natural Product Research. 2011: 25(3):264-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786411003754298.
Kucuk Ç, Kivan CM, Kinaci E, Kinaci G. Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum (Rifaii) on inhibition of Ascochyta blight disease of chickpea. Annals of Microbiology. 2007;57(4):665-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03175370.
Kucuk Ç, Kivanç M. Isolation of Trichoderma spp. and their antifungal, biochemical and physiological features. Turkish Journal of Biology. 2003:27:247-53.
Ilyas MB, Khan IU. A low cost easy technique for the culturing of Ascochyta rabiei fungus. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1986:23:60.
Ahmad S, Khan MA, Ahmad I, Iqbal Z, Ashraf E, Atiq M, Ali Y, Naseer S. Efficacy of fungicides, plant extracts and biocontrol agents against Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei) of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under field conditions. Plant Science Today. 2021;8(2):255-62. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.2.1007.
Bashir M, Ilyas MB. Evaluation of fungicides against Ascochyta gram blight. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 1986:18:147-52.
Ahmad S, Khan MA, Ahmad I, Ashraf E, Aatif HM, Ali A et al. Predictive modeling for chickpea blight (Ascochyta rabiei) occurrence in the semi-arid zone using meteorological data from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Philippine Agricultural Scientist. 2019;102(4):330-39.
Minitab IN. Minitab 17 statistical software. URL:[Computer software]. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc. (www. minitab. com), 2010.
Sánchez AD, Ousset MJ, Sosa MC. Biological control of Phytophthora collar rot of pear using regional Trichoderma strains with multiple mechanisms. Biological Control. 2019;135:124-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.05.012
Kukreja S, Salaria N, Thakur K, Goutam U. Fungal disease management in chickpea: current status and future prospects. In: Fungi and their role in sustainable development: Current Perspectives, 2018;293-309. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0393-7_17
Chongo G, Buchwaldt L, Gossen BD, Lafond GP, May WE, Johnson EN, Hogg T. Foliar fungicides to manage ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei) of chickpea in Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2003;25(2):135-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660309507061.
Shahid M, Khan MS, Zaidi A. Fungicide toxicity to legumes and its microbial remediation: A current perspective. Pesticides in Crop Production: Physiological and Biochemical Action. 2020;6:15-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119432241.ch2.
Sarwar N, Zahid MH, Shafaq A, Jamil FF. Induced systemic resistance in chickpea against Ascochyta blight by safe chemicals. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2011;43:1381-87.
Ilyas A, Khan HA, Qadir A. Effect of essential oils of some indigenous plants on settling and oviposition responses of peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2017;49(5:1547-53. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.5.1547.1553
Sisti MA, De Santi MA, Fraternale DA, Ninfali PA, Scoccianti VA, Brandi GI. Antifungal activity of Rubus ulmifolius Schott standardized in vitro culture. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 2008;41(5):946-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.05.012.
Studholme DJ, Harris B, Le Cocq K, Winsbury R, Perera V, Ryder L et al. Investigating the beneficial traits of Trichoderma hamatum GD12 for sustainable agriculture-insights from genomics. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2013;4:258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00258.
Martin FN, Loper JE. Soilborne plant diseases caused by Pythium spp.: ecology, epidemiology and prospects for biological control. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 1999;18(2):111-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689991309216
Poveda J. Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Ascochyta rabiei infecting protected geographical indication Fuentesaúco-Chickpea by Trichoderma species. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2021;160(4):825-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02286-9.
Poveda J. Trichoderma parareesei favors the tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to salinity and drought due to a chorismate mutase. Agronomy. 2020;10(1):118. https://doi.org/10.33901/agronomy10010118. ?
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Saima Naseer, Yasir Ali, Azher Mustafa, Javed Anwar shah, Saba Saeed, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif, Salman Ahmad, Muhammad Jawwad Yousaf, Abdul Shakoor, Muhammad Ramzan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
