Cellular and signaling mechanisms supporting cadmium tolerance in salicylic acid treated seedlings

Aicha Belkadhi; Wahbi Djebali; Hédia Hédiji; Wided Chaïbi

doi:10.14719/pst.2016.3.1.180

Authors

Aicha Belkadhi University of Tunis El Manar http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5911-0974
Wahbi Djebali University of Tunis El Manar
Hédia Hédiji University of Tunis El Manar
Wided Chaïbi University of Tunis El Manar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2016.3.1.180

Keywords:

cadmium tolerance, salicylic acid, intracellular chelation, extracellular chelation, signal transduction

Abstract

This review spotlights on recent indications that recognizes potential cellular mechanisms that may be involved in the tolerance of salicylic acid (SA)-treated seedlings to the presence of cadmium (Cd) in their environment. It appears probable that SA stimulates signaling systems implicated in plant defense-related actions against Cd-induced oxidative stress. These include mechanisms that reduce uptake of metals into the cytosol by extracellular chelation through extruded ligands and binding onto cell-wall constituents. Cellular chelation of metals in the cytosol by a range of ligands (peptides, phytochelatins (PCs)), or increased efflux from the cytosol out of the cell or into sequestering compartments are also key mechanisms improving tolerance. Free-radical scavenging capacities through the activity of antioxidant enzymes or production of peptides and PCs add another line of defense against the toxic effect of Cd. The SA signaling events can be attributed to the extracellular SA perception model in which reactions between SA and apoplastic proteins result in acute oxidative burst under Cd stress.

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Author Biography

Aicha Belkadhi, University of Tunis El Manar

In 2009, I obtained a Master`s degree in Environmental Physiology and Toxicology in the Department of Biology/Faculty of Science (University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia). Then, in 2010-2011, I moved to Córdoba (Spain) and joined the Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding (CSIC/Institute of Sustainable Agriculture; Prof Antonio De Haro) in a pre-doctoral training to study the flax and Brassica carinata response to abiotic stresses. The main goal was to understand how the plants adapt to environmental stresses in polluted soils (toxic metals). This knowledge was necessary to select tolerant species and help to develop strategies for improving tolerance of plants in contaminated areas. This work was further extended during another pre-doctoral fellowship at the Department of Plant Genetics in Pontevedra (CSIC/Misión Biológica de Galicia; Dr. María Elena Cartea). Major findings were the revelation of the role played by salicylic acid in membrane lipids during cadmium stress. We have found that when grown in the presence of up to 100 µM CdCl₂, salicylic acid is able to restrict cadmium transport from the roots to the leaves limiting its toxicity in the photosynthetic tissues. Salicylic acid-induced Changes in membrane lipid composition (glycolipids, phospholipids and neutral lipids), photosynthesis and antioxidant capacities have been also reported in contaminated plants.

In 2011-2012, I moved toEdmonton(Canada) and started studying the mechanisms of transcription in plants in the Department of Biological Sciences/Faculty of Science (UniversityofAlberta, Prof Michael Deyholos). I have been trained in extraction, purification, and separation of proteins for proteomics, growth and stress treatment of plant samples, and gene expression studies. Since 2012, we still continue to study the role of the chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxinBAS1 in the protection of flax against oxidative damages.

In 2014, I obtained my Doctorate Degree in Biological Sciences.

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