Growth and biomass of Porang (Amorphophallus onchophyllus Prain ex Hook. f.) at several ages of oil palm as a shading crop
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2916Keywords:
Intercropped, Amorphophallus onchophyllus, nutrient uptake, growth, biomassAbstract
Oil palm, with its wide spacing and broad canopy, has the potential to be intercropped with crops that are adapted to shaded conditions. Porang (Amorphophallus onchophyllus Prain ex Hook. f.) is a type of plant that requires shade to grow well. Porang is known as an alternative food crop with a low glycemic index and is included in the healthy food group. This study aims to test the growth of porang in 3 groups of oil palm stands of different ages-3 years, 6 years and 9 years-and compared it with non-shaded conditions as a control. This research was designed as a field experiment using a Completely Randomised Design. The results showed that the growth of porang plants was influenced by shade, with the shade provided by 6-year-old oil palms (N2) and 9-year-old (N3) creating an ideal growing environment. This was indicated by parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and canopy width, which tended to be better. Similarly, nutrient uptake indicators, consisting of C, N, P and K elements, also indicated higher nutrient absorption compared to 3-year old shade (N1) and non-shaded conditions used as a control. The findings demonstrate that the presence of shade from 6 years (N2) and 9 years (N3) oil palm trees fosters an optimal growing environment for porang cultivation.
Downloads
References
Faridah E, Budiadi, Rahmadaniarti A. Growth adaptation of elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) under different forest stand species. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tropical Agriculture. Springer International Publishing. 2017;p. 507-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60363-6_53
Effendy I, Bahri S. Growth of porang plants by cutting the midrib tip and providing various types of biochar as an intercropping in interspace oil palm. In: Politeknik Negeri Lampung; 2020. https://doi.org/10.25181/icoaas.v1i1.2007
Fuady Z, Satriawan H, Ernawita. Early growth of porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) with planting distance adjustment under oil palm plantation. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2024 Feb 1;1302(1):012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1302/1/012010
Irianto H, Riptanti EW, Mujiyo. Coping strategy of porang farmer’s household in anticipating long harvest period: Empirical study in Wonogiri regency, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2022 Dec 1;1114(1):012107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1114/1/012107
Hermudananto H, Permadi D, Septiana R, Riyanto S, Pratama A. Adoption of agroforestry-porang model for land utilization under teak stands. J Community Engagem Indones. 2019;5:416-36. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpkm.50783
Behera SS, Ray RC. Nutritional and potential health benefits of konjac glucomannan, a promising polysaccharide of elephant foot yam, Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch.: A review. Food Rev Int. 2017 Jan 2;33(1):22-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2015.1137310
Aprilia V, Kusumawardani N, Fauzi R, Estiningsih D, Kusumawati D. Calcium oxalate levels, glucomannan levels and antioxidative activities of different sized Amorphophallus oncophyllus particles and the maceration of Strobilanthes crispus. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2023 Sep 1;1241(1):012088. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1241/1/012088
Tatirat O, Charoenrein S, Kerr WL. Physicochemical properties of extrusion-modified konjac glucomannan. Carbohydr Polym. 2012 Jan;87(2):1545-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.052
Liu P, Zhang S, Zhang X. Research and utilization of Amorphophallus in China. Acta Bot Yunnanica. 1998;48-61.
Zhang Y qing, Xie B jun, Gan X. Advance in the applications of konjac glucomannan and its derivatives. Carbohydr Polym. 2005 Apr;60(1):27-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.11.003
Singh R, Shelley. Polysaccharide structure of degraded glucomannan from Abrus precatorius Linn. seeds. J Environ Biol. 2007;28(2):461-64.
Chairiyah N, Harijati N, Mastuti R. Pengaruh waktu panen terhadap kandungan glukomannan pada umbi porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) periode tumbuh ketiga. Res J Life Sci. 2014 Apr 1;1(1):37-42. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2014.001.01.6
Anturida Z, Azrianingsih R, Wahyudi D. Pengaruh jarak tanam terhadap pertumbuhan porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.) pada fase pertumbuhan kedua. J Biotropika. 2015;3(3):132-36.
Banowati E, Indriyanti D, Juhadi. Pengembangan model pemanfaatan lahan di bawah tegakan (PLDT) untuk pengentasan kemiskinan dan realisasi ketahanan pangan di kabupaten pati. J Geogr. 2018;15(1):7-15. https://doi.org/10.31849/jieb.v15i1.822
Indriyani S, Arisoesilaningsih E, Wardiyati T, Purnobasuki H. Hubungan faktor lingkungan habitat porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) pada lima agroforestri di jawa timur dengan kandungan oksalat umbi. In: Proceeding Book Volume 1. Malang: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Brawijaya; 2011.
Santosa E. Pengembangan tanaman iles-iles tumpangsari untuk kesejahteraan petani dan kemandirian industri pangan nasional. Risal Kebijak Pertan Dan Lingkung Rumusan Kaji Strateg Bid Pertan Dan Lingkung. 2014;1(2):73-79.
Wijayanto N, Pratiwi E. Pengaruh naungan dari tegakan sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman porang (Amorphophallus onchophyllus). J Silvikultur Trop. 2011;2(1):46-51.
Afifah E, Nugraheni M, Setiono. Peluang budidaya iles-iles (Amorphophallus spp.) sebagai tanaman sela di perkebunan karet. War Perkaretan. 2014;33(1):35-46. https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v33i1.48
Mutaqin AZ, Kurniadie D, Iskandar J, Nurzaman M, Partasasmita R. Ethnobotany of suweg, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius: Utilization and cultivation in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas J Biol Divers [Internet]. 2020 Mar 26 [cited 2024 Mar 16];21(4). Available from: https://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/5383
Fahrudin F. Potensi pengembangan porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) di desa pengembur kecamatan pujut, Lombok Tengah. J Siar Ilmuwan Tani. 2014;3(1):31-38. https://doi.org/10.29303/jsit.v3i1.61
Suparman S, Suwardji S, Kusnarta K, Sukarno S. Mengembangkan skenario panen porang satu musim melalui manipulasi tanam lebih awal dan perlambatan waktu dorman fase generatif dengan pemberian asam salisilat organik alami di lahan kering Lombok Utara. Agromix. 2021;12(2). https://doi.org/10.35891/agx.v12i2.2596
Ganjari L. Pembibitan tanaman porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) dengan model agroekosistem botol plastik. Widya War. 2014;1(38).
Ravi V, Suja G, George J, Nedunchezhiyan M, Saravanan R, Byju G. Critical period of crop sensitivity to water deficit stress in elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius). Indian J Agric Sci. 2015;85(2):274-77. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i2.46538
Harjoko D, Sakya A, Widijanto H. The influence of shading intensity and foliar fertilizer concentration on growth and yield of konjac (Amorphophallus oncophyllus). In: 2nd International Rainforest Conference-Climate Change Mitigation through Sustainable Rainforest Farming and Community-Based Livelihood. Surakarta, Indonesia. 2016; p. 106-10.
Rahmadaniarti A. Toleransi tanaman porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) terhadap jenis dan intensitas penutupan tanaman penaung. J Kehutan Papuasia. 2019 Nov 3;1(2):77-81. https://doi.org/10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.Vol1.Iss2.31
Qin Y, Yan Z, Gu H, Wang Z, Jiang X, Chen Z et al. Effects of different shading rates on the photosynthesis and corm weight of konjac plant. Not Bot Horti Agrobot Cluj-Napoca [Internet]. 2019 May 19 [cited 2024 Mar 16];47(3). https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha47311437
Amalia R, Susanto A, Nurkhoiry R, Farrasati R, Nugrahaeni N, Amanah A. Study of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) as intercrops in oil palm immature plants. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2024 Feb 1;1308(1):012052. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1308/1/012052
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 02-07-2024 (2)
- 29-06-2024 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Halus Satriawan, Zahrul Fuady, Ernawita Zulkifli
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
