Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024)

Investigation on underutilized plants used as daily medication, fruit source and traditional ceremonies in Bireuen regency, Aceh, Indonesia

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3145
Submitted
29 November 2023
Published
26-11-2024 — Updated on 27-11-2024
Versions

Abstract

Bireuen is a regency that constitutes 3.13 % of the total area of the Aceh province, with elevations ranging from 0 to 2637 m above sea level (asl). Although the biodiversity of this regency is expected to be high, there is limited data available on its plant species. Many of the plants are believed to be considered underutilized. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate some ethnobotanical aspects of underutilized plant species in Bireuen Regency, Aceh. The study was carried out as a survey using an open questionnaire in 17 districts, with 70 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Quantitative indices such as Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Pearson Correlation were performed on RFC and UV to determine the relationship between the 2 indices. A total of 40 families and 74 plant species were recorded, identified and grouped based on their use as traditional medicine (32 families and 47 species), fruit consumption (12 families and 21 species) and traditional ceremonies (15 families and 17 species). The common methods used to prepare medicine based on these local plants were crushing or boiling to treat mild symptoms and diseases. The fruit of these plants was often consumed and some plant information is scarcely available, such as buah brahim (Uvaria siamensis) and kayee kunyet (Polyalthia littoralis). The ICF value showed that the category with the highest consensus factor was traditional ceremonies (0.85), followed by consumption as fruit (0.84), and traditional medicine (0.68). This study revealed that many local plants commonly used as part of local culture had potential medicinal properties. Therefore, further investigations are recommended to validate the use of indigenous plants and preserve the knowledge.

References

  1. Universitaet K. Plant evolutionary and ethnobotanical diversity changes along an altitudinal gradient [Internet]. CORDIS. 2017 [cited 2023 Sep 20]. Available from: https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/191071-biodiversity-at-changing-altitudes
  2. Adnan A, Navia ZI, Silvia M, Antika M, Suwardi AB, Baihaqi B, et al. Diversity of herbs and spices plants and their importance in traditional medicine in the South Aceh district, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 2022;23(7):3836-43. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230761.
  3. Navia ZI, Audira D, Afifah N, Turnip K, Nuraini N, Suwardi AB. Ethnobotanical investigation of spice and condiment plants used by the Taming tribe in Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 2020;21(10):4467-73. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d211001.
  4. Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Syamsuardi S, Mukhtar E. Wild edible fruits generate substantial income for local people of the Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh Tamiang region. Ethnobo Res Appl. 2020;20:1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.20.11.1-13.
  5. Elfrida E, Tarigan NS, Suwardi AB. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by community in Jambur Labu village, East Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas J Biol Divers. 2021;22(7):2893-900. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220741.
  6. Worojie TB, Asfaw BT, Mengesha WA. Cultivation and possible domestication of feral and possibly wild yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Southwest Ethiopia: ethnobotanical and morphological evidence. Plant Signal Behav. 2021;16(5):1879531. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2021.1879531.
  7. Ebert AW, Engels JMM. Plant biodiversity and genetic resources matter! Plants. 2020;9(12):1706. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121706.
  8. Khoury CK, Brush S, Costich DE, Curry HA, De Haan S, Engels JMM, et al. Crop genetic erosion: understanding and responding to loss of crop diversity. New Phytol. 2022;233(1):84-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17733
  9. Hu R, Lin C, Xu W, Liu Y, Long C. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Mulam people in Guangxi, China. J Ethnobiol Ethnomedicine. 2020;16(1):40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-020-00387-z.
  10. Idm’hand E, Msanda F, Cherifi K. Ethnobotanical study and biodiversity of medicinal plants used in the Tarfaya Province, Morocco. Acta Ecol Sin. 2020;40(2):134-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2020.01.002.
  11. Hamzah MH, Mohd Basri MS, Maringgal B, Mohd Ali M, Wondi MH, Che Man H, et al. Exploring dabai (Canarium odontophyllum), indigenous fruit of Borneo: A review of nutritional values, potential uses, emerging application in essential oil processing and health benefits. Plants. 2022;11(19):2646. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192646.
  12. Rani DM, Wongso H, Purwoko RY, Winarto NB, Shalas AF, Triatmoko B, et al. Anti-cancer bioprospecting on medicinal plants from Indonesia: A review. Phytochemistry. 2023;216:113881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113881.
  13. Li F, Wu S, Liu H, Yan D. Biodiversity loss through cropland displacement for urban expansion in China. Sci Total Environ. 2024;907:167988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167988.
  14. Li G, Fang C, Li Y, Wang Z, Sun S, He S, et al. Global impacts of future urban expansion on terrestrial vertebrate diversity. Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 25;13(1):1628. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29324-2.
  15. Cahyaningsih R, Phillips J, Magos Brehm J, Gaisberger H, Maxted N. Climate change impact on medicinal plants in Indonesia. Glob Ecol Conserv. 2021;30:e01752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01752.
  16. Ghosh S, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Underutilized plant sources: A hidden treasure of natural colors. Food Biosci. 2023;52:102361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102361.
  17. Ernawita, Wahyuono RA, Hesse J, Hipler UC, Elsner P, Böhm V. Carotenoids of indigenous citrus species from Aceh and its in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities. Eur Food Res Technol. 2016;242(11):1869-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-016-2686-0.
  18. Ernawita, Wahyuono R, Hesse J, Hipler UC, Elsner P, Böhm V. In vitro lipophilic antioxidant capacity, antidiabetic and antibacterial activity of citrus fruits extracts from Aceh, Indonesia. Antioxidants. 2017 Feb 3;6(1):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6010011.
  19. Sujarwo W, Caneva G, Zuccarello V. Patterns of plant use in religious offerings in Bali (Indonesia). Acta Bot Bras. 2020;34(1):40-53. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062019abb0110 .
  20. Fan F, Xiao C, Feng Z, Yang Y. Impact of human and climate factors on vegetation changes in mainland Southeast Asia and Yunnan Province of China. J Clean Prod. 2023;415:137690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137690.
  21. Malik K, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Ullah R, Mahmood HM, Parveen B, et al. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases in northern Pakistan. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19(1):210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2605-6.
  22. Bibi F, Abbas Z, Harun N, Perveen B, Bussmann RW. Indigenous knowledge and quantitative ethnobotany of the Tanawal area, lesser Western Himalayas, Pakistan. Ishtiaq M, editor. Plos One. 2022;17(2):e0263604. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0263604.
  23. Usman KA, Egigu MC, Sasikumar Mahalingam J. Ethnobotanical study on traditional medicinal plants used by Oromo ethnic people of Goro district, Bale zone of Oromia region, Ethiopia. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2022;24(8):1-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.28.8.1-21.
  24. Bokelmann, JM. Medicinal herbs in primary care: An evidence-guided reference for healthcare providers. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2022.
  25. Imam MZ, Moniruzzaman Md. Antinociceptive effect of ethanol extract of leaves of Lannea coromandelica. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;154(1):109-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.032.
  26. Gunathilake K, Ranaweera K, Rupasinghe H. Influence of boiling, steaming and frying of selected leafy vegetables on the in vitro anti-inflammation associated biological activities. Plants. 2018;7(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants7010022.
  27. Moyo SM, Serem JC, Bester MJ, Mavumengwana V, Kayitesi E. Influence of boiling and subsequent phases of digestion on the phenolic content, bioaccessibility and bioactivity of Bidens pilosa (Blackjack) leafy vegetable. Food Chem. 2020;311:126023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126023.
  28. Justino AB, Miranda NC, Franco RR, Martins MM, Silva NMD, Espindola FS. Annona muricata Linn. leaf as a source of antioxidant compounds with in vitro antidiabetic and inhibitory potential against ?-amylase, ?-glucosidase, lipase, non-enzymatic glycation and lipid peroxidation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;100:83-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.172.
  29. Lokman EF, Saparuddin F, Muhammad H, Omar MH, Zulkapli A. Orthosiphon stamineus as a potential antidiabetic drug in maternal hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Integr Med Res. 2019;8(3):173-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2019.05.006.
  30. Keragala R, Kasunsiri TD, Kempitiya KS, Kumarapeli NN, Kumara K, Gunathilaka SS. A study on the extent, aetiology and associated factors of dandruff in a group of medical students and the in vitro effects of antidandruff preparations. Sri Lankan J Infect Dis. 2020;10(2):134. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljid.v10i2.8291.
  31. Nayaka NMDMW, Sasadara MMV, Sanjaya DA, Yuda PESK, Dewi NLKAA, Cahyaningsih E, et al. Piper betle (L.): Recent review of antibacterial and antifungal properties, safety profiles and commercial applications. Molecules. 2021;26(8):2321. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/molecules26082321.
  32. Coria-Téllez AV, Montalvo-Gónzalez E, Yahia EM, Obledo-Vázquez EN. Annona muricata: A comprehensive review on its traditional medicinal uses, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and toxicity. Arab J Chem. 2018;11(5):662-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.01.004.
  33. Lima NNDC, Faustino DC, Allahdadi KJ, França LSDA, Pinto LC. Acetogenins from Annonaceae plants: potent antitumor and neurotoxic compounds. Pharma Nutrition. 2022;20:100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100295.
  34. Peng W, Liu YJ, Wu N, Sun T, He XY, Gao YX, et al. Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae): A review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;164:340-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.010.
  35. Budha Magar A, Shrestha D, Pakka S, Sharma KR. Phytochemistry, biological and toxicity study on aqueous and methanol extracts of Chromolaena odorata. Dalal V, editor. Sci World J. 2023;2023:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6689271.
  36. Anyanwu S, Inyang IJ, Asemota EA, Obioma OO, Okpokam DC, Agu VO. Effect of ethanolic extract of Chromolaena odorata on the kidneys and intestines of healthy albino rats. Integr Med Res. 2017;6(3):292-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2017.06.004.
  37. De Lima MAC, Silva SDM, De Oliveira VR. Umbu— Spondias tuberosa. In: Exotic Fruits. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2018.
  38. Simpson MG. Diversity and classification of flowering plants: Eudicots. In: Plant Systematics. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2010.
  39. Ganesan SK. Mangifera quadrifida (Anacardiaceae), a new record for Singapore. Nat Singap. 2019;12:15. DOI: 10.26107/NIS-2019-0001.
  40. Lim TK. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants: Volume 1, Fruits. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012.
  41. Singapore Botanical Liaison Officer, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Turner IM, Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board. Annonaceae of the Asia-Pacific region: names, types and distributions. Gard Bull Singap. 2018;70(2):409-744. doi: 10.26492/gbs70(2).2018-11.
  42. Auranwiwat C, Rattanajak R, Kamchonwongpaisan S, Laphookhieo S, Pyne SG, Limtharakul T. Four new C-benzyl flavonoids from the fruit of Uvaria cherrevensis. Fitoterapia. 2018;130:198-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2018.08.020.
  43. Maeda G, Gilissen PJ, Bourgard C, Van Der Wal J, Munissi JJE, Nyandoro SS, et al. Polyoxygenated cyclohexene derivatives and flavonoids from the leaves of Uvaria pandensis. Fitoterapia. 2022;158:105170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105170.
  44. Effendi M, Ardiyanto D, Nurdin N, Nur M, Nasution T. Botanical exploration in the Mount Ketambe, Mount Leuser National Park Aceh. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversiti Indonesia. Bogor: Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia; 2020. p. 583-88.
  45. Kumar S, Singh B, Bajpai V. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, quality control and biological activities of genus Grewia. Phytomedicine Plus. 2022;2(3):100290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100290.
  46. Zulkifli SZ, Ghani NA, Ismail NH, Bihud NV, Rasol NE. Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Lepisanthes genus: A review. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 5(6):994-1005. doi. org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i6. 2.
  47. Sutrisno IH, Akob B, Navia ZI, Nuraini N, Suwardi AB. Documentation of ritual plants used among the Aceh tribe in Peureulak, East Aceh district, Indonesia. Biodiversitas J Biol Divers [Internet]. 2020;21(11). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d211102.
  48. Rambey R, Lubis ASJ. Ethnobotany of plants used in traditional ceremonies in Tanjung Botung village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2022 Jun 1;977(1):012098. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012098.
  49. Shopo B, Mapaya RJ, Maroyi A. The traditional uses of plant diversity in Gokwe South district, Zimbabwe: timber and construction, ethnoveterinary medicine, firewood and charcoal, food, tools and handicraft, religious ceremonies and rituals and other uses. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2022;24(34):1-23 http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.24.34.1-23.
  50. Doyle JA, Le Thomas A. Phylogeny and geographic history of Annonaceae. Géographie Phys Quat. 2007 Nov 30;51(3):353-61. https://doi.org/10.7202/033135ar.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.