Evaluation of the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins, the antioxidant capacity, and the antimicrobial activity of different organic and aqueous fractions of stems of Retama monosperma

Fatima Zahra  Benkhouili; Amina  Moutawalli; Lahcen  Ouchari; Elmostafa  El Fahime; Hanane  Benzeid; Anass  Doukkali; Ahmed  Zahidi

doi:10.14719/pst.2944

Authors

Fatima Zahra Benkhouili Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9188-2330
Amina Moutawalli Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-7898
Lahcen Ouchari Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics Platform, National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-8180
Elmostafa El Fahime Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics Platform, National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-0641
Hanane Benzeid Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-0716
Anass Doukkali Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2586-2232
Ahmed Zahidi Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-7779

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2944

Keywords:

R. monosperma, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity

Abstract

Retama monosperma is an endemic plant of the Mediterranean region that has been traditionally used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. It contains a variety of bioactive phytochemicals and exhibited several biological activities. This study aimed to assess the phytochemical screening, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total tannin compounds, as well as the antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. The phytochemical screening involved color reactions, characteristic reagents, and precipitation methods. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin compounds were quantified using colorimetric methods across four fractions. Antioxidant capacity was assessed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, and phosphomolebdenum assay. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated through disc diffusion method and the microdilution assay. Qualitative phytochemical tests revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sterols. Quantification of total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin compounds confirmed the richness of polyphenolic compounds in all fractions. The antioxidant capacity measurements revealed that the ethanol fractions exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity in 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power assays, and phosphomolebdenum assay. Conversely, the aqueous fraction showed highest activity in the 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated superior efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. These findings suggest that R. monosperma could serve as a valuable source of antioxidant and anti-infective phytocompounds.

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