Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)

Influence of organic inputs on the grain quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3195
Submitted
12 December 2023
Published
04-02-2025 — Updated on 07-02-2025
Versions

Abstract

Wheat grain quality is a major concern as it feed a large population of the world and it is also a chief source of nutrition in developing countries. Extensive research has been carried out to enhance its nutritional value and quality and nutrient supply is one of the most favorable procedures. The present study also focusses on improving and analysing grain quality traits through addition of organic inputs such as FYM, vermicompost and biofertilizers and was conducted at Trans-Gangetic regions (Punjab) in a loamy sand soil with medium levels of available nitrogen. The experiment consisted of different levels of FYM, vermicompost, inorganic fertilizers (to supply N) and biofertilizer inoculation and unfertilized control. Among various organic treatments, higher FYM level, FYM250+Biof had the highest GAS (5.93 and 5.63), SDS-sedimentation value (49.7 and 35.3 cc) and protein content (12.4 and 12.3%) during both the years. Significantly lower phenol reaction score was also observed with FYM250+Biof (3.3 and 4.2 for the year 2016-17 and 2017-18). Also, the micro-nutrient content (Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn) was significantly higher with organic inputs indicating wide range of nutrient supply and improved status of soil. Protein being a chief factor to influence various quality parameters had strong correlation with grain hardness (r = 0.946 and 0.961), hectolitre weight (r = 0.943 and 0.846), SDS (r = 0.979 and 0.963) and gluten. PRS, an undesirable factor, had negative correlation with all the other factors. Micronutrients, such as Cu, Fe Zn and Mn also had variable correlation with different parameters.

References

  1. Mitura K, Cacak-Pietrzak G, Feledyn-Szewczyk B, Szablewski T, Studnicki M. Yield and grain quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) depending on the different farming systems (Organic vs. Integrated vs. Conventional). Plants. 2023 Feb 23;12(5):1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051022
  2. Zecevic V, Boskovic J, Knezevic D, Micanovic D. Effect of seeding rate on grain quality of winter wheat. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research. 2014;74(1);23-28. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392014000100004
  3. Pandey J, Singh A. Opportunities and constraints in organic farming: an Indian perspective. Journal of Scientific Research. 2012;56(1):47-72.
  4. L?Baeckström G, Hanell U, Svensson G. Nitrogen use efficiency in an 11-year study of conventional and organic wheat cultivation. Communications in soil science and plant analysis. 2006 Mar 1;37(3-4):417-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500449302
  5. Aulakh MS, Singh G. Integrated nutrient management: experience from South Asia. Integrated nutrient management for sustainable crop production. 2008:285-326. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439828465.ch7
  6. Benbi DK, Biswas CR, Bawa SS, Kumar K. Influence of farmyard manure, inorganic fertilizers and weed control practices on some soil physical properties in a long?term experiment. Soil Use and Management. 1998 Mar;14(1):52-54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1998.tb00610.x
  7. Bhagat RM, Bhardwaj AK, Sharma PK. Long-term effect of residue management on soil physical properties, water use and yield of rice in north-western India. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science. 2003;51(2):111-17.
  8. Kaur N, Kaur H, Mavi GS. Assessment of nutritional and quality traits in biofortified bread wheat genotypes. Food Chemistry. 2020 Jan 1; 302:125342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125342
  9. Kaur H. Performance of bread wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol] cultivars in relation to nitrogen. M.Sc. Thesis. 2020. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
  10. Mattas KK, Uppal RS, Singh RP. Nitrogen management and varietal effects on the quality of durum wheat. Research Journal of Agricultural Science. 2011;2(2):279-53.
  11. Ze?evi? V, ?oki? D, Kneževi? D, Mi?anovi? D. The influence of nitrogen foliar application on yield and bread making quality parameters of wheat. Kragujevac J. Sci. 2004;26:85-90.
  12. Kaur J. Precision nutrient management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using nutrient expert and green seeker (Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D dissertation, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India).
  13. Coventry DR, Poswal RS, Yadav A, Gupta RK, Gill SC, Chhokar RS et al. Effect of tillage and nutrient management on wheat productivity and quality in Haryana, India. Field Crops Research. 2011 Sep 12;123(3):234-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.05.016
  14. Kharub AS, Chander S. Effect of organic farming on yield, quality and soil-fertility status under basmati rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy. 2008;53(3):172-77. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v53i3.4855
  15. Singh AK. Conversion to organic agriculture. Sudhi Ranjan Garg; 2007.
  16. Mehta A, Kaur M, Gupta SK, Singh RP. Physico-chemical, rheological and baking characteristics of bread wheat as affected by farmyard manure and nitrogen management. Res Punjab Agic Univ. 2006;43:263-70.
  17. Thakur SS, Pandey IB, Mishra SS. Effect of organic manure, fertilizer level and seed rate on yield and quality of late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 1999;44(4):44. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v44i4.3581
  18. Dhaliwal JK, Saroa GS, Dhaliwal SS. Effect of nutrient management practices on wheat grain quality under Basmati rice-wheat system. Agricultural Research Journal. 2015;52(3):43-47. https://doi.org/10.5958/2395-146X.2015.00035.6
  19. Bareth VS, Singh RK, Parihar CM. Effect of nutrient management using aqua-fertilization on yield, quality and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under dryland conditions. Annals of Agricultural Research. 2014;27(3).
  20. Davari M, Sharma SN, Mirzakhani M. The effect of combinations of organic materials and biofertilisers on productivity, grain quality, nutrient uptake and economics in organic farming of wheat. Journal of organic systems. 2012;7(2):26-35.
  21. Singh R, Agarwal SK. Effect of organic manuring and nitrogen fertilization on productivity, nutrient-use efficiency and economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 2004;49(1):49-52. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v49i1.5155
  22. Langenkämper G, Zörb C, Seifert M, Mäder P, Fretzdorff B, Betsche T. Nutritional quality of organic and conventional wheat. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality. 2012 Dec 11;80(2):150-54.
  23. Cochran WG, Cox GM. Experimental Designs, 2 nd. Edi. 306-09.
  24. Test SD. with Pelshenke and Zeleny Tests'. Cereal Chem. 1979;56(6):582-84.
  25. Mahato S, Kafle A. Comparative study of azotobacter with or without other fertilizers on growth and yield of wheat in western hills of Nepal. Annals of Agrarian Science. 2018;16(3):250-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.04.004
  26. Debalin S. Performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under different levels of farmyard manure (Doctoral dissertation, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana).
  27. Bulut S, Öztürk A, Karao?lu MM, Yildiz N. Effects of organic manures and non-chemical weed control on wheat. II. Grain quality. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2013;37(3):271-80. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1208-19
  28. Malik BS, Paul S, Ahlawat AK, Singh AM, Shivay YS. Productivity and quality of wheat spp grown with different fertilization condition. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2009;79(8):636.
  29. Massoudifar O, Darvish Kodjouri F, Noor Mohammadi G, Mirhadi MJ. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and irrigation on quality characteristics in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Archives of agronomy and soil science. 2014;60(7):925-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2013.856004
  30. Channabasana Gowda CG, Patil NKB, Patil BN, Awaknavar JS, Ninganur BT, Ravi Hunje RH. Effect of organic manures on growth, seed yield and quality of wheat.2008.
  31. Dhaliwal JK, Saroa GS, Dhaliwal SS. Effect of nutrient management practices on wheat grain quality under Basmati rice-wheat system. Agricultural Research Journal. 2015;52(3):43-47. https://doi.org/10.5958/2395-146X.2015.00035.6
  32. Sheikh MA, Dwivedi P. Physico-chemical parameters of organic manure, soil and impact of organic manure and NPK fertilizer on seed germination of soybean and wheat. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research. 2017;4(12):118-30. https://doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v4.i12.2017.604
  33. Singh SP. Effect of integrated nutrient management on wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility status in alluvial soil. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2019;89(6):929-33. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v89i6.90761
  34. Rathod DD, Rathod PH, Patel KP, Patel KC. Integrated use of organic and inorganic inputs in wheat-fodder maize cropping sequence to improve crop yields and soil properties. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2013;59(11):1439-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2012.724171
  35. Barlas NT, Cönkero?lu B, Unal G, Bellitürk K. The effect of different vermicompost doses on wheat (Triticum vulgaris L.) nutrition. Tekirda? Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;15(2):1-4.
  36. Admasu A, Tadesse K. Response of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of wheat at Kulumsa in Arsi Highlands of Ethiopia. Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research. 2018;3(6):2474. https://doi.org/10.23880/OAJAR-16000180

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.