Chemical constituents and pharmacological potential of Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Lamiaceae): A review

Authors

  • Soubhik Bhattacharyya School of Pharmacy, ARKA JAIN University, Jharkhand, 832 108, India; Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN-781 026, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-7106
  • Kunal Datta Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Institute of Pharmacy, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, 741 222, India; Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN-781 026, India https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9794-9025
  • Priyabati Choudhury School of Pharmacy, ARKA JAIN University, Jharkhand, 832 108, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2409-8427
  • Dhrubajyoti Sarkar Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN-781 026, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-2167

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3336

Keywords:

Gmelina arborea, brihatpanchamoolya, phytoconstituents, molecular mechanism, pharmacology

Abstract

Gmelina arborea Roxb. has been widely used in traditional medicine and is considered a vital component of Brihatpanchamoolya. It is also commonly used in modern medicine due to its rich content of phytochemicals. The primary consitutents include lignans, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides and other bioactive compounds. Notably, the roots of Gmelina arborea contain glycosides, particulary flavone glycosides such as apigenin-7-rutinoside, luteolin-7-glucuronide, sitosterol, quercetin and apigenin. The leaves are rich in iridoid glycosides, flavonoids and sterols. The stem contains several lignans, including gmelanone, iso-arboreal, paulownin and gmelinol. Additionally, the flower contains verbascoside, a compound belonging to the class of iridoid glycosides. This species has diverse pharmaceutical applications, including anti-inflammatory properties. It also exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects, such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective, anti-tumour, cardioprotective, anticonvulsant and antihyperlipidemic activities. This study aims to bridge the gap between traditional knowledge and modern research by examining the pharmacological and phytochemical properties of G. arborea. A comprehensive review was conducted using well-known academic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. The findings were summarized and documented using bibliographic information, which may pay the way for future researcher in this area.

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References

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Published

20-12-2024 — Updated on 01-01-2025

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Bhattacharyya S, Datta K, Choudhury P, Sarkar D. Chemical constituents and pharmacological potential of Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Lamiaceae): A review. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2025 Jan. 1 [cited 2025 Jan. 6];12(1). Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/3336

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