Chemical analysis of Viloa odorata L. (Fam. Violaceae) and the efficacy of its essential oil against some stored product insects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3804Keywords:
Rhyzopertha dominica, sweet violet, Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus oryzae, stored productsAbstract
The current experiment was carried out to assess the insecticidal activity of sweet violet (Viola odorata) essential oil against three major stored product insects (Tribolium castaneum, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae). The chemical composition of sweet violet essential oil in different cuts (first, second and third cut) of V. odorata grown in Al-Gharbia governorate, Egypt was determined. For the first cut, 73.825 % linolenic acid was the main component, while for second cut, 61.000 % linolenic acid was the main component and for the third cut, the main component was 75.419 % linolenic acid. The biomass yield was changed on different cuts. In the first cut, the yield was 15.500 ton/acre while it was 10.300 and 6.800 ton/acre for the second and the third cut respectively. In mixing with medium experiment, Triboleum castaneum was the most tolerant insect against violet absolute essential oil while after one day of exposure Rhizobirtha dominica was the most sensitive insect with LC50 of 53730 mg/kg. After 24 h of exposure in thin film experiment, R. dominica was found to be the most sensitive insect with LC50 of 475 mg/L. At the highest concentration (15000 mg/kg) there were no emerged adults for T. castaneum and S. oryzae while there were a mean of 0.33 emerged adults for R. dominica. The reduction was 100 % at the highest concentration for S. oryzae and T. castaneum while it was 99.53 % for R. dominica.
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