Analysis of nutritional and antioxidant components of ice plant grown in An Giang, Vietnam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3944Keywords:
acid amine, antioxidant activities, bioactive compounds, macro and micronutrients, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant)Abstract
The ice plants are a new crop that has recently received attention in Vietnam because they have outstanding characteristics such as being able to grow in drought conditions, saline soil, and prolonged cold weather and plants with economic potential for climate change adaptation. Currently, this vegetable plant is being in trial cultivation and is expected to be widely commercialized in the Vietnamese market soon. Therefore, the study analyzed macro and micronutrients, amino acids components, bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant ability of ice plant vegetables grown in an experimental area of An Giang University. Analytical results showed that ice plant has nutritional components such as moisture 96.9 ± 0.85%, protein 0.74 ± 0.01%, carbohydrate 0.83 ± 0.03%, ash 1.43 ± 0.06%, solute fiber 0.11 ± 0.01%, insoluble fiber 0.22 ± 0.02% (fresh weight-FW), except lipid that was not detected. It was also found to contain 14 amino acids such as alanine, leucine, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, glutamic acid, glycine, isoleucine, arginine, and phenylalanine ranged from 15.32 to 42.43 mg/100g FW; serine, histidine, proline, and methionine ranged from 1.83 to 7.17 mg/100g FW); and 8 minerals such as potassium and sodium ranged from 3518 to 3713 mg/kg FW; magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium ranged from 84.4 to 142.0 mg/kg FW; iron, zinc, and manganese ranged from 0.85 to 3.27 mg/kg FW. In addition, the ice plant possessed a lot of bioactive compounds such as polyphenol 187.72 mgGAE/100g FW, flavonoid 22.08 mgQE/100g FW, tannin 50.28 mgTAE/100g FW, saponin 88.44 mgSE/100g FW, alkaloid 195.00 mgCE/100g FW, carotenoids 0.57 mg/g FW and total chlorophyll 7.18 mg/g FW. The antioxidant ability of the crude ethanol extract was 78.50% (DPPH) and 66.11 mM FeSO4/100g FW (FRAP). The ice plant can be considered a super plant that has the potential to become a food source supplying essential nutrition components for humans.
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