Identification of false smut – resistant donors in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and analysis of their morpho-molecular diversity for resistance breeding

Mangudi Sowmiya; Swaminathan Manonmani; Nallamuthu Ramya Selvi; Ramasamy Saraswathi; Ramalingam Suresh; Chellappan Gopalakrishnan; Muthurajan Raveendran; Palanisamy Dhamotharan

doi:10.14719/pst.4242

Authors

Mangudi Sowmiya Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu - 641 003, India https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1961-5482
Swaminathan Manonmani Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu - 641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-3363
Nallamuthu Ramya Selvi Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu - 641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4195-1342
Ramasamy Saraswathi Department of Plant Genetic Resources, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-5712
Ramalingam Suresh Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu - 641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-5712
Chellappan Gopalakrishnan Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Protection studies (CPPS), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-5712
Muthurajan Raveendran Director of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-7662
Palanisamy Dhamotharan Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-6338

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4242

Keywords:

False smut, phenotyping, genetic diversity, marker profiling, SSR markers

Abstract

False smut disease of rice caused by the pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens is a growing threat to the rice farmers as it affects both quality and quantity. Development of resistant variety becomes difficult, since very few resistant donors were available for false smut resistant breeding programme. Therefore, to identify potential donors for resistance breeding a total of 60 genotypes were screened at hotspot location (Gudalur) during kharif 2023 which led to identification of 12 highly resistant genotypes and the notable ones are Koolavalai, Periya chandikar, Kapikar selection and Earapalli. Genetic variability studies indicated the presence of additive gene action for all the agronomic and disease related traits. Principal component analysis revealed the first 5 principal components collectively contributing 78.79 % of the total variance with disease-related traits contributing significantly to divergence. Ten clusters were delineated using Mahalanobis D2 statistics with clusters IX and V showing higher inter cluster distance (3453.64). Forty-one polymorphic markers were used to analyse the genotypes and The Unweighted Pair Group method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering by Jaccard distance formed 6 clusters. The Bayesian clustering classified the entire population into 2 subpopulations. False smut linked marker RM336 and RM218 were found to be the most informative marker with high Polymorphism Information Content (0.71, 0.69) and Heterozygosity Index (0.76, 0.73). The resistant genotypes such as IG71, Thulasi vasanai sambha, Arupatham vellai, Kaltikar and Chinna aduku nel can be used in the future breeding programmes to develop the resistant cultivar and to identify the candidate genes governing resistance.

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