Host infectivity of Pyricularia pathogen of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) on Poaceae weeds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4331Keywords:
correlation determination , Finger millet, infectivity , Poaceae weeds, PyriculariaAbstract
Blast disease of finger millet is a serious disease all over the world and causes significant yield loss. Pyricularia populations consist of various pathotypes with different host ranges within the Poaceae family and express host specificities mediated by Avr and R genes. So, identification of the host range of Pyricularia on weeds within the poaceae family will give an idea for further research on understanding of genes responsible for host specificity reaction of Pyricularia among various host ranges. Pyricularia isolated from finger millet was tested on different weed host plants to study the infectivity of Pyricularia on weed species. The Pyricularia pathogen isolated from the infected leaf of finger millet plants having spindle-shaped lesions. The Poaceae weeds viz., Chloris barbeta, Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Dactylacterium aegyptium, and Echinochloa colonum are observed regularly in the field of finger millet. Among the weed species, spindle shaped lesion was observed in C. barbeta, C. dactylon, C. rotundus and D. aegyptium in leaf detachment assay with Pyricularia at Centre of Excellence in Millets, Athiyandal, Tiruvannamalai, India. Whereas E. colonum did not express any lesion. The incidence of Pyricularia in finger millet was studied under various weed infestation levels under field conditions during 2022-23 and 2023- 24 growing seasons. It was found that the experimental plot of finger millet with all Poaceae weeds recorded the highest incidence of leaf blast and the largest number of Pyricularia colonies in both years. This was followed by the plot with finger millet + D. aegyptium alone and finger millet + C. rotundus alone. The leaf blast symptoms were noticed in finger millet after one week of sowing in the case of the crop with all weed species during 2022-23 and 2023-24. A significant correlation was obtained between the incidence of the leaf blast and colonies of Pyricularia from 28 days after sowing till the maturity of the crop in both years. Hence, the incidence, as well as colonies of Pyricularia, were higher in plots with finger millet + all weeds, followed by plots with finger millet + D. aegyptium alone and plots with finger millet + Cyp. rotundus alone.
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