Sustainable integrated weed control strategies to reduce herbicide use in sunflower production

Selvakumar Thambiyannan; Rajendran Lingan; Sasikala Ramasamy; Karthikeyan Ramasamy; Narmadha Rajendhiran; Sangeetha  Kaliyannagounder; Sakthivel Nalliappan; Ramesh Kulasekaran

doi:10.14719/pst.4833

Authors

Selvakumar Thambiyannan Maize Research Station, Vagarai -624 613, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-0183
Rajendran Lingan Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-7419
Sasikala Ramasamy Department of Oilseeds, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4382-1808
Karthikeyan Ramasamy Directorate of Crop Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-5899
Narmadha Rajendhiran PGP College of Agricultural Sciences, Vettambadi, Namakkal -637 405, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8191-5282
Sangeetha Kaliyannagounder J.K.K. Munirajah College of Agricultural Science, T. N. Palayam - 638 506, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-0561
Sakthivel Nalliappan Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar -638 451, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8248-3812
Ramesh Kulasekaran ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad -500030, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8845-3322

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4833

Keywords:

Sunflower, Integrated weed management (IWM), band application of herbicide, power weeder

Abstract

This research aims to develop integrated weed control strategies that can effectively reduce the quantity of herbicides used in cultivation of sunflower. To address the challenge of weed management in mechanized crop fields and mitigate the adverse effects on the ecosystem, an experiment with 10 treatments was arranged in randomized block designs and replicated 3 times. The treatments included combinations of herbicide application, band application of herbicide and power weeder weeding. The higher weed control efficiency (WCE) was achieved in a weed-free environment. Additionally, higher WCE was observed in the treatment where weeds were managed through band application of pendimethalin (38.7 capsule suspension (CS)) in the seed row as a pre-emergence method and weeding was done with a power weeder twice. These 2 treatments registered more than 90 % WCE due to lesser weed occurrence. The present investigation also registered higher grain yield under weed-free control (2212 kg/ha). It was tailed by Pre-emergence (PE) herbicide (1 kg/ha of Pendimethalin (38.7 CS)) in seed row after irrigation followed by (fb) power weeder twice (on 15-20 and 30-35 DAS), PE herbicide (1 kg/ha of Pendimethalin (38.7 CS)) in seed row before irrigation fb power weeder twice (on 15-20 and 30-35 DAS) and PE herbicide (1 kg/ha of Pendimethalin (30 EC)) in seed row after irrigation fb power weeder twice (on 15-20 and 30-35 days after sowing (DAS)). Based on the results, pendimethalin (38.7 CS) can also be applied either before or after irrigation, as it will not significantly lose its efficacy in controlling weeds. These findings have practical implications for sunflower cultivation, offering effective strategies for integrated weed control.

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