Optimizing hill banana (cv. Virupakshi) production: impact of biostimulants on yield, quality and shelf life, unveiling its phytochemical profile using GC-MS analysis and its pharmacological activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5553Keywords:
Hill banana, Viupakshi, biostimulants, GC-MS, bioactive compoundsAbstract
This study assessed the impact of various biostimulants on the yield and quality of hill banana (Musa sp.) cv. Virupakshi in Kilakuchettipatti, Kodaikanal Taluk, Tamil Nadu, during 2023-2024. A Randomized Block Design (RBD), different concentrations of biostimulants were tested, including seaweed extract (2 % and 3 %), fulvic acid (2 % and 3 %), panchagavya (2 % and 3 %), moringa leaf extract (2 % and 4 %), protein hydrolysate (1 % and 2 %), vermiwash (2 % and 3 %) and orthosilicic acid (2 % and 4 %), along with a control group. The 3 % seaweed extract was the most effective, significantly improving yield and quality parameters compared to the control, which had lower acidity and higher values in bunch weight, bunch length, hand weight, finger length, pulp weight, peel weight, peel thickness, TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. The study also analyzed the phytochemical profile of bananas treated with 3 % seaweed extract, revealing enhancements in bioactive compounds like benzopyran, coumarin, allyl urea, and allyl alcohol, known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the seaweed extract contained 40 major bioactive compounds, with 16 highlighted for their pharmaceutical activity. These findings suggest that biostimulants can enhance the nutritional and health benefits of bananas and improve cultivation practices.
Downloads
References
Sitthiya K, Devkota L, Sadiq MB, Anal AK. Extraction and characterization of proteins from banana (Musa sapientum L.) flower and evaluation of antimicrobial activities. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2018;55:658-66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2975-z
Falcomer AL, Riquette RFR, de Lima BR, Ginani VC, Zandonadi RP. Health benefits of green banana consumption: A systematic review. Nutrients. 2019;11(6):1222. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061222
Sangeeta S, Chandola G, Ramachandran P, Yadav P, Rai S. Fruits that heal: A natural boon to cure colon diseases. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2023;12(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.54085/ap.2023.12.1.64
Banana exports from India to touch US$ 1 billion: APEDA: APEDA: Agri Exchange; 2024.
Singh M, Khan MI, Badruddeen JA, Ahmad M, Fatima G, Siddiqui Z, et al. GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds, standardization and assessment of antimicrobial efficacy of Himalayan Juniperus communis L. stems. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2024;13(1):815-24. https://doi.org/10.54085/ap.2024.13.1.86
Malakar T, Hazarika D, Langthasa S. The screening of variety/varieties of strawberry suitable for assam condition. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research. 9(4):199-208. https://doi.org/10.24247/ijasraug201926
Waghmare JS, Kurhade AH. GC-MS analysis of bioactive components from banana peel (Musa sapientum). European Journal of Experimental Biology. 2014;4(5):10-15.
Kawila A, ElSemlway S. The phytochemical composition, anti-microbial and in vitro cytotoxic activities of green and ripe banana pulps. Biological and Biomedical Journal. 2024;2(1):67-75. https://doi.org/10.21608/bbj.2023.242929.1008
Filimonov D, Lagunin A, Gloriozova T, Rudik A, Druzhilovskii D, Pogodin P, et al. Prediction of the biological activity spectra of organic compounds using the PASS online web resource. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. 2014;50:444-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-014-1496-1
Tomar V, Srivastava M. Comparative phytochemical estimation and free radical scavenging activity in leaves of Cassia sp. National Academy Science Letters. 2022;45(3):227-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-022-01111-z
Musini A, Rao MJP, Giri A. Phytochemical investigations and antibacterial activity of Salacia oblonga Wall ethanolic extract. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2013;2(1):102-27.
Afonso C, Julião D, Pinto E, Almeida A, Ferreira I, Bandarra N, et al. The effect of drying process on undervalued brown and red seaweed species: elemental composition. Journal of Applied Phycology. 2022;34(3):1749-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-0274-y
Ramezani S, Shekafandeh A. Influence of Zn and K sprays on fruit and pulp growth in olive (Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Amygdalifolia’). Iran Agricultural Research. 2011:30(1 and 2):1-12.
Zekri M, Obreza TA. Micronutrient deficiencies in citrus: iron, zinc and manganese. University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. 2003;1-3. https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-ss423-2003
Kakabra RF. Effect of seaweed, moringa leaf extract and biofertilizer on growth, yield and fruit quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under greenhouse condition. arXiv preprint arXiv:240317984. 2024.
Yuniati N, Kusumiyati K, Mubarok S, Nurhadi B. The role of moringa leaf extract as a plant biostimulant in improving the quality of agricultural products. Plants. 2022;11(17):2186. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172186
Kumari PS, Ranjitha R, Vidhya N. Revitalizing property of banana peel extracts by antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against acne causing Staphylococcus epidermidis. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2020;9(2):215-22. https://doi.org/10.21276/ap.2020.9.2.19
Reddy N, Priyanka AK, Raghavendra N. Isolation and characterization of triterpenoids from bark of Syzygium alternifolium (Wight) Walp. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2012;1(2):45-51.
Manju P, Pushpa A. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro free radical scavenging activity of rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. Annals of Phytomedicine. 2020;9(2):257-62. https://doi.org/10.21276/ap.2020.9.2.24
Ansari NAIM, Ramly N, Faujan NH, Arifin N. Nutritional content and bioactive compounds of banana peel and its potential utilization: A review. Malaysian Journal of Science Health and Technology. 2023;9(1):74-86. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjosht.v9i1.313
Likittrakulwong W, Chanburee S, Kitpot T, Ninjiaranai P, Pongpamorn P. Phytochemical properties, in vitro antimicrobial and bioactive compounds of banana peel extractions using GC-MS. Natural and Life Sciences Communications. 2023;22(2):e2023021. https://doi.org/10.12982/NLSC.2023.021
Aina O, Amoo S, Mugivhisa LL, Olowoyo JO. Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of tomato. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 2019;17(2). https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_36813694
Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh N. Bioactive compounds in banana and their associated health benefits–A review. Food Chemistry. 2016;206:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.033
Sidhu JS, Zafar TA. Bioactive compounds in banana fruits and their health benefits. Food Quality and Safety. 2018;2(4):183-88. https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyy019
Kumari P, Gaur SS, Tiwari RK. Banana and its by?products: A comprehensive review on its nutritional composition and pharmacological benefits. eFood. 2023;4(5):e110. https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.110
Bansal Y, Sethi P, Bansal G. Coumarin: a potential nucleus for anti-inflammatory molecules. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2013;22:3049-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-012-0321-6
Riveiro ME, De Kimpe N, Moglioni A, Vazquez R, Monczor F, Shayo C, et al. Coumarins: old compounds with novel promising therapeutic perspectives. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2010;17(13):1325-38. https://doi.org/10.2174/092986710790936284
Venugopala KN, Rashmi V, Odhav B. Review on natural coumarin lead compounds for their pharmacological activity. BioMed Research International. 2013;2013(1):963248. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/963248
El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI, Yousef HN, Fawzi EM. Biological activities of the doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica L.) extract and its bioactive components. Antioxidants in Foods and its Applications. 2018;49. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74772
Lemar KM. Cell death in the human pathogen Candida albicans: effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and garlic constituents allyl alcohol and diallyl disulphide: Cardiff University (United Kingdom); 2005.
Majewski M. Allium sativum: facts and myths regarding human health. Roczniki Pa?stwowego Zak?adu Higieny. 2014;65(1).
?ahin H. In-vitro anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant activities of selected coumarin and dihydroisocoumarin derivatives. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite. 2023;10(3):361-69. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1196712
Balbuena-Rebolledo I, Rivera-Antonio AM, Sixto-López Y, Correa-Basurto J, Rosales-Hernández MC, Mendieta-Wejebe JE, et al. Dihydropyrazole-carbohydrazide derivatives with dual activity as antioxidant and anti-proliferative drugs on breast cancer targeting the HDAC6. Pharmaceuticals. 2022;15(6):690. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15060690
Orabi EA, Orabi MA, Mahross MH, Abdel-Hakim M. Computational investigation of the structure and antioxidant activity of some pyrazole and pyrazolone derivatives. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society. 2018;22(6):705-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2017.12.003
Zhao Z, Dai X, Li C, Wang X, Tian J, Feng Y, et al. Pyrazolone structural motif in medicinal chemistry: Retrospect and prospect. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2020;186:111893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111893
Vega-Pérez JM, Periñán I, Argandoña M, Vega-Holm M, Palo-Nieto C, Burgos-Morón E, et al. Isoprenyl-thiourea and urea derivatives as new farnesyl diphosphate analogues: Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2012;58:591-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.042
McMorris TC, Chimmani R, Alisala K, Staake MD, Banda G, Kelner MJ. Structure? activity studies of urea, carbamate and sulfonamide derivatives of acylfulvene. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2010;53(3):1109-16. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm901384s
Prattes M, Grishkovskaya I, Hodirnau V-V, Rössler I, Klein I, Hetzmannseder C, et al. Structural basis for inhibition of the AAA-ATPase Drg1 by diazaborine. Nature Communications. 2021;12(1):3483. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23854-x
Anto?nio JoP, Gonçalves LM, Guedes RC, Moreira R, Gois PM. Diazaborines as new inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase. ACS Omega. 2018;3(7):7418-23. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00702
Yu X, Zhao M, Liu F, Zeng S, Hu J. Identification of 2, 3-dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one as a strong antioxidant in glucose–histidine Maillard reaction products. Food Research International. 2013;51(1):397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.044
Adeloye AO, Ajibade PA. Synthesis and characterization of a Ru (II) complex with functionalized phenanthroline ligands having single-double linked anthracenyl and 1-methoxy-1-buten-3-yne moieties. Molecules. 2010;15(11):7570-81. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117570
Guo L, Wu J-z, Han T, Cao T, Rahman K, Qin L-p. Chemical composition, antifungal and antitumor properties of ether extracts of Scapania verrucosa Heeg. and its endophytic fungus Chaetomium fusiforme. Molecules. 2008;13(9):2114-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13092114
Kaur M, Singh M, Chadha N, Silakari O. Oxindole: A chemical prism carrying plethora of therapeutic benefits. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2016;123:858-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.011
Khan I, Ibrar A, Abbas N. Oxadiazoles as privileged motifs for promising anticancer leads: Recent advances and future prospects. Archiv der Pharmazie. 2014;347(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.201300231
Yanase M, Funabashi M. Stereoselective 1, 2-cis-1-thioglycosidation of aldohexoses with tert-butyl mercaptan in 90 % trifluoroacetic acid. Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry. 2000:19(1):53-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/07328300008544064
Bhalla N, Ingle N, Patri SV, Haranath D. Phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera leaves extracts by GC-MS and free radical scavenging potency for industrial applications. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021;28(12):6915-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.075
Anonymous. CAMEO Chemicals. 2024.
Misra D, Ghosh NN, Mandal M, Mandal V, Baildya N, Mandal S, et al. Anti-enteric efficacy and mode of action of tridecanoic acid methyl ester isolated from Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms leaf. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2022;53(2):715-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00696-3
Baumann LS. Cosmeceuticals and cosmetic ingredients. McGraw Hill Professional; 2014.
Patti A, Lecocq H, Serghei A, Acierno D, Cassagnau P. The universal usefulness of stearic acid as surface modifier: applications to the polymer formulations and composite processing. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2021;96:1-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.024
Abdelaziz R, Elsheshtawy HM, El-Houseiny W, Aloufi AS, Alwutayd KM, Mansour AT, et al. A novel metabolite of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus exhibits antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae through modulation of physiological performance, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis and oxidative stress-correlated gene expressions in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish and Shellfish Immunology. 2024;148:109496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109496
Lingfa L, Tirumala A, Ankanagari S. GC-MS profiling of anticancer and antimicrobial phytochemicals in the vegetative leaf, root and stem of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite. 2024;11(1):63-77. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1256932
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 C S Chinnasamy , J Rajangam , K Kalpana , R Balakumbahan , K Venkatesan , T Anitha , S Muthuramalingam , C Sankar , M Kabilan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
