Physiological evaluation of nano DAP on growth and yield of tomato

S Keerthana; M Rajavel; A Senthil; M Prasanthrajan; V Sivakumar

doi:10.14719/pst.5596

Authors

S Keerthana Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0938-1454
M Rajavel Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7133-7274
A Senthil Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-8935
M Prasanthrajan Department of Environment Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-7563
V Sivakumar Department of Fruit Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2376-7223

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5596

Keywords:

nano DAP, quality, Solanum lycopersicum, sustainable agriculture, yield

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a solanaceous crop, is widely cultivated worldwide. This study evaluates the impact of Nano DAP (diammonium phosphate) on morpho-physiological traits, biochemical properties, yield, and quality parameters. Eight treatments comprising varying proportions of DAP and Nano DAP were evaluated for traits including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll index, total dry matter production, gas exchange parameters, leaf soluble protein, total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, firmness and fruit yield. The hybrid tomato variety 'Shivam' was cultivated in pot culture under a glasshouse at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, using a completely randomized design with five replications. Foliar sprays with different proportions of nano DAP and DAP were applied 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Among the treatments, 75% RDNP (recommended nitrogen and phosphorus dose) combined with two foliar sprays of nano DAP @ 0.7% (T5) significantly increased plant height (48.90 cm and 54.31 cm), chlorophyll index (40.05 and 42.15), dry matter production (55.45 g plant?¹), TSS (5.52 Brix), fruit production, and ascorbic acid content. This treatment also improved gas exchange parameters, fruit firmness, and overall `growth and productivity compared to other treatments. Conversely, the absolute control group demonstrated the lowest performance across all parameters. The study highlights that combining both conventional fertilizers with Nano DAP considerably improves tomato growth by enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential for cell division, photosynthesis, and energy transfer. Nano DAP, due to its small particle size and large surface area, effectively penetrates plant tissues, increasing nutrient availability, chlorophyll content, and plant height. These findings underscore the potential of Nano DAP to substantially enhance tomato yield and quality, thereby contributing to sustainable crop production.

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