Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 11 No. sp4 (2024): Recent Advances in Agriculture by Young Minds - I

Impact of deficit irrigation management and growth retardants application on yield attributes and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety VRI8

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5625
Submitted
8 October 2024
Published
27-12-2024

Abstract

Groundnut, an important oilseed crop, requires effective management such as maintaining less oil moisture content and providing growth retardant chemicals to prevent pre-harvest sprouting, which can adversely affect yield. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, in the early summer of 2024 to evaluate the impact of growth retardants and deficit irrigation on the sprouting of groundnut kernels. The study included three irrigation strategies: conventional irrigation and two deficit regimes with irrigation withheld from 90 to 105 DAS (Days After Sowing) and 85 to 100 DAS. Additionally, growth retardants [maleic hydrazide (MH) @ 1250 ppm, cycocel (CCC) @ 1000 ppm, abscisic acid (ABA) @ 750 ppm, and salicylic acid (SA) @ 750 ppm] were sprayed at 75 and 90 DAS. Results showed that MH @ 1250 ppm was the most effective treatment for inducing dormancy. A split-plot design was used. Withholding irrigation from 90 to 105 DAS also significantly increased pod yield by reducing pod loss due to field sprouting. The combination of MH @ 1250 ppm and no irrigation from 90 to 105 DAS resulted in a pod yield of 2776 kg ha-1, which was higher than the control plot. The foliar application of MH @ 1250 ppm combined with irrigation withdrawal from 90 to 105 DAS emerged as the most effective method for inducing dormancy in groundnut, resulting in a substantial reduction in pod loss and enhanced pod yield, as well as seed storage potential. The reduction in soil moisture content during the harvest stage, combined with changes in hormonal activities, significantly impacts seed sprouting. These factors can lead to stress conditions that inhibit germination, ultimately affecting crop yields. Addressing these issues is crucial for ensuring optimal seed development and enhancing agricultural productivity.

References

  1. Indiastat (https://www.indiastat.com)
  2. Poonia T, Kumawat S, Kumar S. Influence of tillage and nutrient management practices on peanut yields, economics and resource efficiency in the Thar desert of South Asia. J Agric Sci Technol. 2022;22(4):785-97. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1381293/v1
  3. Suthar B, Pundir RS, Gundaniya H, Mishra K. Growth and instability analysis of area, production and yield of groundnut in selected states of India. Environ Conserv J. 2024;25(1):192-98. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.24692665
  4. Vishnuprabha RS, Viswanathan PL, Manonmani S, Rajendran L, Selvakumar T. Assessment of maturity over seasons using various indices in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Legume Res. 2022;45(5):580-86. https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-4366
  5. Dwivedi SL, Nigam SN, Rao RN, Singh U, Rao KVS. Effect of drought on oil, fatty acids and protein contents of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds. Field Crops Res. 1996;48(2-3):125-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(96)01027-1
  6. Daba HG, Delele MA, Fanta SW, Satheesh N. The extent of groundnut post-harvest loss in Africa and its implications for food and nutrition security. J Agric Food Res. 2023;100826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100826
  7. Nautiyal PC, Sivasubramaniam K, Dadlani M. Seed dormancy and regulation of germination. Seed Sci Technol. 2023;39-66. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_3
  8. Tiwari G, Dweikat IM, Greene TW, Yerka MK. Plant growth regulators: A novel approach for sustainable management of global crop. J Plant Growth Regul. 2019;38(1):275-97.
  9. Kumar N, Ajay BC, Dagla MC, Rathnakumar AL, Radhakrishnan T, Lal C, et al. Multi-environment evaluation of spanish bunch groundnut genotypes for fresh seed dormancy. Indian J Genet Plant Breed. 2019;79(3):571-82. https://doi.org/10.31742/IJGPB.79.3.7
  10. Güllüo?lu L. Effects of growth regulator applications on pod yield and some agronomic characters of peanut in the Mediterranean region. Turk J Field Crops. 2011;16(2):210-14. https://doi.org/10.17557/TJFC.22425
  11. Sivarasan SR, Vijayalakshmi V, Kumar P, Surendran U. Development of deficit irrigation program for improving the water use efficiency, growth and yield of groundnut in the semiarid tropical region of India. J Soil Water Conserv. 2022;77(1):30-44. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2022.00139
  12. Aydinsakir K, Dinc N, Buyuktas D, Bastug R, Toker R. Assessment of different irrigation levels on peanut crop yield and quality components under Mediterranean conditions. J Irrig Drain Eng. 2016;142(9):04016034. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001062
  13. Gomez KA, Gomez AA. Statistical procedures for agricultural research. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 1984;18(1):84-130.
  14. Bertino AM, Faria RTD, Coelho AP, Cazuza A. Peanut crop yield under full and deficit irrigation in the reproductive phase. Rev Bras Eng Agrícola Ambient. 2023;27(11):900-09. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n11p900-909
  15. Khan A, Bakht J, Bano A, Malik NJ. Effect of plant growth regulators and drought stress on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes. Pak J Bot. 2011;43(5):2397-402.
  16. Behera S, Padhiary AK, Rout S, Nayak A, Behera D, Nanda PK. Effect of plant growth regulators on morpho-physiological and yield parameters of some sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2017;6(11):1784-809. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.215
  17. Abou Kheira AA. Macro management of deficit-irrigated peanut with sprinkler irrigation. Agric Water Manag. 2009;96(10):1409-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.05.002
  18. Jain RK, Rathore NS, Sharma RK, Gupta RC. Effect of irrigation levels on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in semi-arid region. Indian J Agron. 2008;53(1):23-28.
  19. Rao KN, Kumar R, Patel A. Influence of growth regulators on reproductive development and peg-to-pod conversion in groundnut. J Agron Crop Sci. 2012;198(5):336-44.
  20. Pervin S, Islam M, Akanda A, Rahman M, Mila A. Effect of irrigation levels on the yield of groundnut. Int J Exp Agric. 2014;4(1):17-21.
  21. Kumar R, Pandey MK, Roychoudhry S, Nayyar H, Kepinski S, Varshney RK. Peg biology: deciphering the molecular regulations involved during peanut peg development. Front. Plant Sci. 2019;10:1289. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01289
  22. Singh SP, Mahapatra BS, Pramanick B, Yadav VR. Effect of irrigation levels, planting methods and mulching on nutrient uptake, yield, quality, water and fertilizer productivity of field mustard (Brassica rapa L.) under sandy loam soil. Agric Water Manag. 2021;244:106539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106539
  23. Yoga K, Jerlin R, Begum M. Standardization of dormancy induction treatments in groundnut cv. TMV 7. J Agric Res. 2014;21-25. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjss.2014.21.25
  24. Naresha R, Laxminarayana P, Devi KS, Narender J. Effect of moisture regimes and phospho-gypsum levels on yield, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient balance of rabi groundnut. Int J Agric Environ Biotechnol. 2017;10(4):489-98. https://doi.org/10.5958/2230-732X.2017.00060.2
  25. Verma A, Malik CP, Sinsinwar YK, Gupta VK. Yield parameters responses in a spreading (cv. M-13) and semi-spreading (cv. Girnar-2) types of groundnut to six growth regulators. Am-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci. 2009;6:88-91.
  26. Lokhande D, Jayewar N, Mundhe A. Summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) productivity influenced by irrigation scheduling: A climatological approach. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2018;6:87-91. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i41731
  27. Ramakrishna A, Tam HM, Wani SP, Long TD. Effect of mulch on soil temperature, moisture, weed infestation and yield of groundnut in northern Vietnam. Field Crops Res. 2006;95(2-3):115-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.01.030
  28. Kumar YK, Gupta KC, Rani Saxena RS, Fageria VD. Response of plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Agric Food Sci. 2014:598-600.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.