Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Early Access

Standardization of the vermicompost for organic cultivation of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wallich ex Nees

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5935
Submitted
18 October 2024
Published
17-05-2025
Versions

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wallich ex Nees is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the family Acanthaceae . It has been used to treat many human diseases since ancient times. The pharmaceutical industries accept only organically grown biomass of A. paniculata that is free from contamination. Vermicompost is an important organic manure that is used as an organic source for the cultivation of crops. The experiment aims to find the optimum dose of vermicompost for organic cultivation of A. paniculata. The different doses of the vermicompost, i.e., Control (T1), 2.5 t/ha (T2), 5 t/ha (T3), 7.5 t/ha (T4), 10 t/ha (T5), 12.5 t/ha (T6) and 15 t/ha (T7) were standardized in Randomized Block Design with 4 replications. The experimental results showed that the optimum dose of vermicompost was 7.5 t/ha for A. paniculata. The analytical results indicated that N, P, K and Ca content increased with an increase in doses of vermicompost. Micronutrient (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni) content varies in different amounts and increases with increasing doses of vermicompost. For quality parameters, andrographolide, neo-androgra-pholide and wogonine varied in different amounts and had no effect corresponding to increasing doses of vermicompost. Soil physico-chemical properties were improved with increasing doses of vermicompost.

References

  1. Akbar S. Andrographis paniculata: A review of pharmacological activities and clinical effects. Altern Med Rev. 2011;16(1):66-77. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21438648/
  2. Kabir MH, Hasan N, Rahman MM, Rahman MA, Khan JA, Hoque NT, et al. A survey of medicinal plants used by the Deb barma clan of the Tripura tribe of Moulvibazar district, Bangladesh. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2014;10(19):1-28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-19
  3. Samy J, Sugumaran M, Lee KLW, Wong KM. Herbs of Malaysia: An introduction to the medicinal, culinary, aromatic and cosmetic use of herbs. Malaysia: Times Editions; 2005.
  4. Jarukamjorn K, Nemoto N. Pharmacological aspects of Andrographis paniculata on health and its major diterpenoid constituent andrographolide. J Health Sci. 2008;54(4):370-81. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jhs/54/4/54_4_370/_pdf/-char/en
  5. Harjotaruno S, Widyawaruyanti A, Sismindari S, Zaini NC. Apoptosis inducing effect of andrographolide on TF-47 human breast cancer cell line. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2007;4(3):345-51. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v4i3.31228
  6. Gupta S, Choudhry MA, Yadava JNS, Srivastava V, Tandon JS. Antidiarrhoeal activity of diterpenes of Andrographis paniculata (Kal-Megh) against Escherichia coli enterotoxin in in-vivo models. Int J Crude Drug Res. 1990;28(4):273–83. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209009082833
  7. Sharma A, Singh RT, Sehgal V, Handa SS. Antihepatotoxic activity of some plants used in herbal formulations. Fitoterapia. 1991;62(2):131–38. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19920310039
  8. Wiart C, Kumar K, Yusof MY, Hamimah H, Fauzi ZM, Sulaiman M. Antiviral properties of ent-labdene diterpenes of Andrographis paniculata nees, inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1. Phytother Res. 2005;19(12):1069-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1765
  9. Misra P, Pal NL, Guru PY, Katiyar JC, Srivastava V, Tandon JS. Antimalarial activity of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) against Plasmodium berghei NK 65 in Mastomys natalensis. Int J pharmacogn. 1992;30(4):263–74. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209209054010
  10. Nanduri S, Nyavanandi VK, Thunuguntla SSR, Kasu S, Pallerla MK, Ram PS, et al. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of andrographolide analogues as novel cytotoxic agents. Bioorganic Med Chem Lett. 2004;14(18):4711–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.06.090
  11. Yu BC, Hung CR, Chen WC, Cheng JT. Antihyperglycemic effect of andrographolide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Planta Med. 2003;69(12):1075–79. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-45185
  12. Tan BH, Zhang A. Andrographis paniculata and the cardiovascular system. Oxidative Stress and Disease. 2004;14:441–56. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9780203025901-27/
  13. Jackson ML. Soil chemical analysis. New Delhi: Prentice Hall India Pvt. Ltd; 1973.
  14. Subbiah BV, Asija GL. A rapid procedure for the determination of available nitrogen in soil. Curr Sci. 1956;25:259–60.
  15. Watanabe FS, Olsen SR. Test of an ascorbic acid method for determining phosphorus in water and NaHCO3 extracts from soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 1965;29(6):677–78. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1965.03615995002900060025x
  16. Hanway JJ, Heidel H. Soil analysis methods as used in Iowa state college, Soil Testing Laboratory, Iowa Agriculture. 1952; 54:1-31.
  17. Basak BB, Jat RS, Gajbhiye NA, Saha A, Manivel P. Organic nutrient management through manures, microbes and biodynamic preparation improves yield and quality of Kalmegh (Andrograghis paniculata) and soil properties. J Plant Nutr. 2020;43(4):548-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1685100
  18. Bhargavi D, Lata AM, Srinivas A. Influence of INM practices on overall growth, yield and economics of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) in Pongamia based agri-silvi system. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6(10):698-706. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.086
  19. Deshmukh AG, Tapre V, Deshmukh KM, Patke NK, Pawar AR, Parmar JN, et al. Improving andrographolide content in kalmegh by integrated nutrient management. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2018;7(5):470-73. https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue5/PartI/7-5-64-997.pdf
  20. Jat RS, Gajbhiye NA. Productivity, andrographolide and NPK content influenced with organics and inorganics in Kalmegh. Agron J. 2019;111(2):851-58. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2018.06.0392
  21. Khan K, Pankaj U, Verma SK, Gupta AK, Singh RP, Verma RK. Bio-inoculants and vermicompost influence on yield, quality of Andrographis paniculata and soil properties. Ind Crops Prod. 2015;70:404-09. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.066
  22. Tripathi P, Kashyap, Shah S. Effect of organic amendments on growth and yield attributes of medicinal and aromatic plants under peach-based agroforestry system in the mid-hills of the Western Himalayas. For Trees Livelihoods. 2020;29(4):222-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2020.1812444
  23. Dhaliwal SS, Naresh RK, Mandal A, Singh R., Dhaliwal MK. Dynamics and transformations of micronutrients in agricultural soils as influenced by organic matter build-up: A review. Environ Sustain Indic. 2019;1(2):100007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2019.100007
  24. Sheppard SC, Sanipelli, B. Trace elements in feed, manure and manured soils. J Environ Qual. 2012; 41(6):1846-56. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0133
  25. Zhen H, Jia L, Huang C, Qiao Y, Li J, Li H, et al. Long-term effects of intensive application of manure on heavy metal pollution risk in protected-field vegetable production. Environ Poll. 2020;263:114552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114552
  26. Kannika MK, Yogeshwari D, Lakshmi KN. Effect of vermicompost on soil fertility and the nutritional status of Andrographis paniculata and Euphorbia hirta. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2019;8(2):565-59. https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2019/vol8issue2/PartJ/8-1-561-712.pdf
  27. Upadhyaya S, Mahanta JJ, Saikia LR. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid content of a medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees grown using different organic manures. J Pharm Res. 2011;4(3):614-16.
  28. Chandra P, Kannujia R, Pandey R, Shukla S, Bahadur L, Pal M, et al. Rapid quantitative analysis of multi-components in Andrographis paniculata using UPLC-QqQLIT-MS/MS: Application to soil sodicity and organic farming. Ind Crops Prod. 2016;83:423-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.12.091
  29. Singh R, Singh R, Soni SK, Singh SP, Chauhan UK, Kalra A. Vermicompost from biodegraded distillation waste improves soil properties and essential oil yield of Pogostemon cablin Benth (Patchouli). App Soil Ecol. 2013;70:48-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.007

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.