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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)

A review on potential application of Madhuca longifolia (J. Konig.) J.F. Macbr. in traditional systems and industrial purpose

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5962
Submitted
19 October 2024
Published
27-05-2025 — Updated on 10-06-2025
Versions

Abstract

Madhuca longifolia (J. Konig.) J.F. Macbr., an endemic plant of India, belongs to the Sapotaceae family. It is commonly known as butternut tree, in Odia language, it is well known as ‘Mahula’ and in Hindi, it is called ‘Mahua’. This plant is renowned for its numerous medicinal benefits, including its ability to heal dermatitis, enhance lactation, cool burns and soothe rashes. In the Indian system of medicine (ISM), Mahua flowers are edible and commonly used in the preparation of local dishes like kheer, halwa and burfi. Additionally, they serve as a natural sweetener for diabetics. The seeds are a good source of edible fats, containing approximately 40 % yellow semi-solid fats, commonly known as “Mahua butter”. The oil extracted from mahua seeds is widely used as a moisturizer and is topically applied to reduce inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis. The de-oiled seed cake is rich in fibres, proteins, sugars, nitrogen, saponins and tannins, with minimal oil content. When detoxified, seed cake is used a cattle feed, contributes to biogas production and is utilized in composting for agricultural applications. Furthermore, it can be used as a fertilizer and a natural mosquito repellent. This review summarizes the traditional uses, nutritional composition and industrial applications of different parts of M. longifolia. By integrating traditional knowledge with modern sustainable practices, we can ensure that Mahua continues to provide benefits for future generations.

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