Safety of some biopesticides towards ladybird beetles and rove beetle on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.)

Mishra Biswojit; Mandal S M Abdulla; Adhikari Bhubanananda; Padhi Soubindra Kumar

doi:10.14719/pst.6516

Authors

Biswojit Mishra Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751 029, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5092-8770
S M Abdulla Mandal Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751 029, India https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6312-7314
Bhubanananda Adhikari Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751 029, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1832-3528
Soubindra Kumar Padhi Institute of Business and Computer Studies, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751 029, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7597-6858

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6516

Keywords:

biopesticides, field trials, ladybird beetles, rove beetle, safety

Abstract

Field trials were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, SOADU, Binjhagiri, Khurdha, during the rainy season of 2022 and winter of 2022-23 to evaluate the safety of five biopesticides on predators in cowpea crops. Four species of ladybird beetles and one species of rove beetle (Paederus fuscipes Curtis) were observed. Among the ladybird beetles, Coccinella repanda Thunberg was the predominant species, accounting 43.84% of the total population, followed by Cheilomenes sexmaculata Fab. (31.51%), Micraspis discolour Fab. (15.07%) and Brumoides suturalis Fab. (9.59%). The treatments included Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (16000 i.u./ mg) at 1.0 Kg/ha, Beauveria bassiana (108 cfu/g) at 2.5 Kg/ha, Metarrhizium anisopliae (108 spores/g) at 2.5 Kg/ha, Lecanicillium lecani (108 cfu/g) at 2.5L/ha, azadirachtin (300 ppm) at 2.5 L/ha, chlorantraniliprole (18.5% active ingredient) at 0.25 L/ha (chemical check) and an untreated control. All the biopesticides proved to be safe for ladybird beetles and the rove beetle. B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki was the safest, recording only 3.94% and 3.40% reductions in ladybird population five days after application during the rainy season of 2022 and winter of 2022-23, respectively. It was followed by B. bassiana (6.35% and 4.45% reduction), M. anisopliae (8.97% and 7.33% reduction), L. lecani (10.28% and 8.90% reduction) and azadirachtin (19.04% and 26.96% reduction). A similar trend was observed in rove beetle, with respective reduction of 5.07% and 3.79%, 5.67% and 4.92%, 6.87% and 6.06%, 7.76% and 6.82% and 17.31% and 26.14%.

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