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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)

Comprehensive analysis of morphological and genetic traits in advanced thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6519
Submitted
4 December 2024
Published
28-07-2025 — Updated on 31-07-2025
Versions

Abstract

The main aim of this study was the characterization of genetic, morphological, and floral traits of TGMS lines to evaluate their potential for large-scale hybrid seed production. Ten TGMS lines were evaluated for fertility-sterility transformations under changing temperatures, and the critical sterility and fertility temperatures were ranged from 24 °C to 28.9 °C. Variations in floral biology, out-crossing rates, glume opening angles, and flower opening duration were observed among the lines. The genetic advance in the study ranged from 0.19 % to 125.29 %, with the highest recorded for number of spikelets per panicle (125.29 %) and seed yield per plant (27.64 %). Traits such as time of anthesis showed a low genetic advance (0.91 %), while critical sterility temperature and panicle length exhibited moderate advances of 3.77 % and 7.83 %, respectively. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were high for out-crossing rate (34.82 %), angle of glume opening (24.91 %) and number of spikelets per panicle (23.42 %). Genetic gains ranged from 1.29 % to 70.61 %, with notable gains in out-crossing rate (70.61 %) and seed yield per plant (41.81 %). Path coefficient analysis revealed significant positive correlations between number of tillers per plant and angle of glume opening (0.512), spikelets per panicle (0.513), out-crossing rate (0.519), plant height (0.643), and seed yield per plant (0.515), while negatively correlated with critical temperature (-0.626). The highest heritability values were recorded for out-crossing rate (98.43 %), followed by ratoon yield per plant (95.98 %), number of tillers per plant (95.06 %), angle of bloom opening (96.70 %), and others.

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