Effects of salt stress on antioxidant and ascorbate glutathione cycle enzyme activities in Pokkali rice varieties – Vytilla 1-9

Authors

  • Lins Simon Inter University Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India
  • Akkara Yusuf Inter University Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-5278

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2020.7.3.701

Keywords:

Antioxidant enzymes, Pokkali rice, Ascorbate- glutathione cycle, Rice, Salt tolerance

Abstract

The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in the released salt tolerant Pokkali, (vytilla, VTL 1-9) varieties were studied under different NaCl concentrations (0-150 mM NaCl). The specific activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) was determined in plants exposed to salt stress. IR-28 was used as positive control and the VTL varieties were used as negative control. The H2O2 and superoxide (O2-) contents were higher in IR-28 at all the applied concentrations of NaCl. The VTL varieties without salt treatment did not evoke any response substantiating the role of salt priming in antioxidant signalling. The MDA contents were higher in the positive and negative control. MDA content was reduced in the NaCl treated VTL varieties. In the positive and negative control varieties, the quantity of ascorbate and glutathione contents were lesser and upregulated in salt treated VTL varieties. Highest H2O2 content was observed in 150 mM NaCl treatment. The H2O2 contents decreased with the increase in all concentrations of NaCl and lowest H2O2 contents was observed in VTL-1 and highest in VTL-2 and VTL-8 treated with 150 mM NaCl. Superoxide contents varied in all the nine varieties depending on the salt concentration. The SOD levels in all the varieties showed a positive correlation with the superoxide and H2O2 content. Lesser quantities of SOD, CAT and the ascorbate - glutathione cycle enzymes were expressed in the positive and negative control. The increased NaCl concentration (25-150 mM) upregulated antioxidant and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes in the VTL varieties. The APX activity was lower in the control and salt treated plants. The GR activity increased linearly in all the varieties with respect to salt concentrations. The MDHAR and DHAR activities showed marginally linear increase, with all concentrations of NaCl. The APX activity was similar or lower to MDHAR activity while DHAR activity was similar to MDHAR activity. The results of the present study reveals the higher levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under salt stress reflect the salt tolerance potential of pokkali varieties mediated by the up regulation of ROS scavenging enzymes.

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Author Biographies

Lins Simon, Inter University Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India

Lins Simon, a postgraduate in Botany from Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, India, is currently pursuing PhD in Botany from Interuniversity Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University of Calicut. His research interests cover several aspects across plant biochemistry, plant physiology and plant biotechnology.

Akkara Yusuf, Inter University Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India

Dr. A. Yusuf, a postgraduate in Botany from University of Calicut, Kerala, India, awarded PhD in Plant Biotechnology from Jai NarainVyas University, Jodhpur, India on Micropropagation and somatic cell genetics of some trees of arid regions. He published 30 International papers and presented research papers in various National and International conferences, isolated and published more than 150 gene sequences. He secured VATAT International fellowship from Govt. of Israel for post-doctoral research. He has completed 2 major research projects funded by UGC and KSCSTE. He ispresently working as Assistant Professor at Department of Botany, University of Calicut.

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Published

01-07-2020

How to Cite

1.
Simon L, Yusuf A. Effects of salt stress on antioxidant and ascorbate glutathione cycle enzyme activities in Pokkali rice varieties – Vytilla 1-9. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2020 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 24];7(3):341-8. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/701

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Research Articles