The genus Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) in India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2020.7.3.770Keywords:
nomenclature, taxonomy, holotypeAbstract
This paper provides a comprehensive taxonomic account of the genus Eugenia L. occurring in India. A total of 25 species and two varieties have been enumerated, of which 21 taxa are endemic to the Western Ghats. Eugenia macrosepala, an endemic species of the Western Ghats is reinstated here. Each species is provided with a short description, well known synonyms, types, distribution and phenology. An identification key is also provided.
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References
1. WCSP. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families [Internet]. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew [cited 2020 February 22]. Available from: http://wcsp.science.kew.org
2. Mazine FF, Bünger MO, Faria JEQ, Lucas E, Souza VC. Sections in Eugenia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae): nomenclatural notes and a key. Phytotaxa. 2016;289(3):225–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.2
3. Giaretta A, Marcelo DCS, Luis Fernando TDM, Ariane LP. Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa, 2018;336(2):181–89. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
4. Duthie JF. Myrtaceae. In: Hooker JD, editor. Flora of British India Vol. 2, Reeve and Co., London; 1879. p. 470–506
5. Ingle HD, Dadswell HE. The anatomy of the timbers of the south-west Pacific area. Australian Journal of Botany. 1953;1:353–401. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9530353
6. Schmid R. A resolution of the Eugenia-Syzygium controversy (Myrtaceae). American Journal of Botany. 1972;59:423–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1972.tb10113.x
7. Schmid R. Floral anatomy of Myrtaceae. I. Syzygium. Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie., 1972; 92:435–89
8. Schmid R. Floral anatomy of Myrtaceae. II. Eugenia. Journal Arnold Arboretum. 1972; 53:336–63
9. Pike KM. Pollen morphology of Myrtaceae from the south-west Pacific area. Australian Journal of Botany. 1956;4:13–53. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9560013
10. Wilson PG, O’Brien MM, Heslewood MM, Quinn CJ. Relationships within Myrtaceae sensu lato based on a matK phylogeny. Plant Systematic Evolution 2005;251:3–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-004-0162-y
11. Cooke T. Myrtaceae. In: Cooke T, editor. The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay. Vol. 1. Taylor & Francis, London; 1903. p. 486–97. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10884
12. Talbot WA. Myrtaceae. In: Talbot WA, editor. Forest Flora of the Bombay Presidency and Sind. Vol. 1. Government of Poona, India; 1911. p. 29-49
13. Gamble JS. Myrtaceae. In: Gamble JS, editor. Flora of the Presidency of Madras. Vol. 1. Adlard & Sons Ltd., London; 1919. p. 470-86
14. Kanjilal UN, Kanjilal PC, Das A. Myrtaceae. In: Kanjilal UN, Kanjilal PC, Das A , editors. Flora of Assam. Vol. 2. Government of Assam, Shillong, India; 1938. p. 257–87
15. Prain D. Myrtaceae. In: Prain D, editor. Bengal Plants. Vol. 1. Bishen Singh Mahendra Paul Singh, Dehra Dun; 1981. p. 485–92
16. Gandhi KN. Myrtaceae. In: Saldanha CJ, Nicolson DH, editors. Flora of Hassan District, Karnataka, India. Amerind publishing Co. Pvt. Ldt., New Delhi; 1976. p. 273–83
17. Deb DB. Myrtaceae. In: Deb DB, editor. The Flora of Tripura State. Vol. 1. Today & Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, India; 1981. p. 366 –73
18. Chithra V. Myrtaceae. In: Nair NC, Henry AN, editors. Flora of Tamil Nadu, India. Series 1: Analysis. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Coimbatore; 1983. p. 150–58
19. Haridasan K, Rao RR. Myrtaceae. In: Haridasan K, Rao RR, editors. Forest Flora of Meghalaya. Vol. 1, BSMPS, Dehradun, India; 1985. p. 386–403
20. Saldanha CJ. Myrtaceae. In: Saldanha CJ, editor. Flora of Karnataka. Vol. 2. Oxford & IBH Publishing, New Delhi, India; 1996. p. 23–32
21. Pullaiah T, Chennaiah E. Myrtaceae. In: Pullaiah T, Chennaiah E, editors. Flora of Andhra Pradesh. Vol. 1. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India; 1997. p. 381–85
22. Almeida MR. Myrtaceae. In: Almeida MR, editor. Flora of Maharashtra. Vol. 2. Orient Press, Mumbai; 1998. p. 233–38
23. Kulkarni BG. Myrtaceae. In: Singh NP, Lakshminarasimhan P, Karthikeyan S, Prasanna PV, editors. Flora of Maharashtra State. Vol. 2. Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, India; 2001. p. 7–16
24. Mohanan N, Sivadasan M. Myrtaceae. In: Mohanan N, Sivadasan M, editors. Flora of Agasthyamala. Vedams Books International, India; 2002. p. 252–66
25. Naithani HB, Sahni KC, Bennet SSR. Myrtaceae. In: Naithani HB, Sahni KC, Bennet SSR, editors. Forest Flora of Goa. International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun; 1997. p. 282-89
26. Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Mohanan N, Rajkumar G. Myrtaceae. In: Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Mohanan N, Rajkumar G, editors. Flowering Plants of Kerala: A Handbook. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India; 2006. p. 445–54
27. Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Sibi M. Myrtaceae. In: Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Sibi M, editors. Flowering Plants of the Western Ghats, India Vol. 1. Dicots. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute; 2014. p. 669–87
28. Manickam VS, Murugan C, Jothi GJ. Myrtaceae. In: Manickam VS, Murugan C, Jothi GJ, editors. Flora of Tirunelveli Hills (Southern Western Ghats) - Vol. 1 - Polypetalae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 2008. p. 387?95
29. Chora C. Myrtaceae. In: Paul YK, Lakshminarasimhan P, Chowdhery HJ, Dash SS, Singh P, editors. Flora of West Bengal. Vol. 2. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkotta; 2015. p. 318-32
30. Rathakrishnan NC. Myrtaceae. In: Murthy GVS, Nair VJ, editors. The Flora of Kerala. Vol. 2, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata; 2016. p. 349–72
31. Murugan C. New species of Xanthophyllum Roxb.(Xanthophyllaceae) and Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) from Peninsular India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany. 2002;26:413–18
32. Gopalan R, Srinivasan SR. A new species of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) from Seithur Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 2003;100:78–80
33. Kumar ESS, Yeragi SS. Eugenia terpnophylla Thw. (Myrtaceae): a new record for India. Rheedea. 2003;13:39?41
34. Murugan C, Gopalan R. A new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Western Ghats, India. Nordic Journal of Botany. 2005; 23:625–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2003.tb00443.x
35. Gopalan R, Murugan C. Eugenia agasthiyamalayana (Myrtaceae), a new species from the southern Western Ghats of India. Indian Journal of Forestry. 2008;31:641–42
36. Shareef SM, Kumar ESS, Roy PE. Eugenia terpnophylla var. keralensis (Myrtaceae), a new variety from Kerala, India. Nordic Journal of Botany. 2011;29:455–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01126.x
37. Shareef SM, Kumar ESS, Shaju T, Prakashkumar R. Eugenia kalamii (Myrtaceae), a new species from Western Ghats, India. Plant Science Today. 2018;5(4):196–200. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2018.5.4.429
38. Kumar ESS, Veldkamp JF, Shareef SM. Notes on Eugenia gracilis, Eugenia mooniana and Eugenia phillyreoides (Myrtaceae). Webbia. 2014;69(1):101–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2014.895890
39. Murugan C, Arumugam S. Eugenia megamalayana sp. nov. (Myrtaceae) - A new species from the Western Ghats, India. Taiwania. 2019;64(1):4?8
40. Murugesan M, Ravichandran V, Murugan C, Arumugam S. Eugenia velliangiriana (Myrtaceae), a new species from the Western Ghats, India. Webbia. 2019;74(1):23–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1605234
41. Kumar ESS, Shareef SM, Roy PE. Rediscovery and lectotypification of Eugenia argentea Bedd. (Myrtaceae) – An endemic and endangered species of India. Journal of Scientific Research. 2011;3(1):213?16. https://doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6210
42. Byng JW, Wilson PG, Snow N. Typifications and nomenclatural notes on Indian Myrtaceae. Phytotaxa. 2015;217(2):101–16. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.2.1
43. McVaugh R. Nomenclatural notes on Myrtaceae and related families. Taxon. 1956;5(6):133–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/1217674
44. Govaerts R, Sobral N, Ashton P, Barrie F, Holst BK, Landrum LL, et al. World Checklist of Myrtaceae. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; 2008. p. 1-455
45. POWO. Plants of the World Online [Internet]. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew [cited 2020 March 01]. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org
46. Trimen, H. Additions to the flora of Ceylon 1885-88. Journal of Botany. 1889;27:162
2. Mazine FF, Bünger MO, Faria JEQ, Lucas E, Souza VC. Sections in Eugenia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae): nomenclatural notes and a key. Phytotaxa. 2016;289(3):225–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.2
3. Giaretta A, Marcelo DCS, Luis Fernando TDM, Ariane LP. Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa, 2018;336(2):181–89. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
4. Duthie JF. Myrtaceae. In: Hooker JD, editor. Flora of British India Vol. 2, Reeve and Co., London; 1879. p. 470–506
5. Ingle HD, Dadswell HE. The anatomy of the timbers of the south-west Pacific area. Australian Journal of Botany. 1953;1:353–401. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9530353
6. Schmid R. A resolution of the Eugenia-Syzygium controversy (Myrtaceae). American Journal of Botany. 1972;59:423–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1972.tb10113.x
7. Schmid R. Floral anatomy of Myrtaceae. I. Syzygium. Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie., 1972; 92:435–89
8. Schmid R. Floral anatomy of Myrtaceae. II. Eugenia. Journal Arnold Arboretum. 1972; 53:336–63
9. Pike KM. Pollen morphology of Myrtaceae from the south-west Pacific area. Australian Journal of Botany. 1956;4:13–53. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9560013
10. Wilson PG, O’Brien MM, Heslewood MM, Quinn CJ. Relationships within Myrtaceae sensu lato based on a matK phylogeny. Plant Systematic Evolution 2005;251:3–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-004-0162-y
11. Cooke T. Myrtaceae. In: Cooke T, editor. The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay. Vol. 1. Taylor & Francis, London; 1903. p. 486–97. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10884
12. Talbot WA. Myrtaceae. In: Talbot WA, editor. Forest Flora of the Bombay Presidency and Sind. Vol. 1. Government of Poona, India; 1911. p. 29-49
13. Gamble JS. Myrtaceae. In: Gamble JS, editor. Flora of the Presidency of Madras. Vol. 1. Adlard & Sons Ltd., London; 1919. p. 470-86
14. Kanjilal UN, Kanjilal PC, Das A. Myrtaceae. In: Kanjilal UN, Kanjilal PC, Das A , editors. Flora of Assam. Vol. 2. Government of Assam, Shillong, India; 1938. p. 257–87
15. Prain D. Myrtaceae. In: Prain D, editor. Bengal Plants. Vol. 1. Bishen Singh Mahendra Paul Singh, Dehra Dun; 1981. p. 485–92
16. Gandhi KN. Myrtaceae. In: Saldanha CJ, Nicolson DH, editors. Flora of Hassan District, Karnataka, India. Amerind publishing Co. Pvt. Ldt., New Delhi; 1976. p. 273–83
17. Deb DB. Myrtaceae. In: Deb DB, editor. The Flora of Tripura State. Vol. 1. Today & Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, India; 1981. p. 366 –73
18. Chithra V. Myrtaceae. In: Nair NC, Henry AN, editors. Flora of Tamil Nadu, India. Series 1: Analysis. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Coimbatore; 1983. p. 150–58
19. Haridasan K, Rao RR. Myrtaceae. In: Haridasan K, Rao RR, editors. Forest Flora of Meghalaya. Vol. 1, BSMPS, Dehradun, India; 1985. p. 386–403
20. Saldanha CJ. Myrtaceae. In: Saldanha CJ, editor. Flora of Karnataka. Vol. 2. Oxford & IBH Publishing, New Delhi, India; 1996. p. 23–32
21. Pullaiah T, Chennaiah E. Myrtaceae. In: Pullaiah T, Chennaiah E, editors. Flora of Andhra Pradesh. Vol. 1. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India; 1997. p. 381–85
22. Almeida MR. Myrtaceae. In: Almeida MR, editor. Flora of Maharashtra. Vol. 2. Orient Press, Mumbai; 1998. p. 233–38
23. Kulkarni BG. Myrtaceae. In: Singh NP, Lakshminarasimhan P, Karthikeyan S, Prasanna PV, editors. Flora of Maharashtra State. Vol. 2. Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, India; 2001. p. 7–16
24. Mohanan N, Sivadasan M. Myrtaceae. In: Mohanan N, Sivadasan M, editors. Flora of Agasthyamala. Vedams Books International, India; 2002. p. 252–66
25. Naithani HB, Sahni KC, Bennet SSR. Myrtaceae. In: Naithani HB, Sahni KC, Bennet SSR, editors. Forest Flora of Goa. International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun; 1997. p. 282-89
26. Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Mohanan N, Rajkumar G. Myrtaceae. In: Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Mohanan N, Rajkumar G, editors. Flowering Plants of Kerala: A Handbook. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India; 2006. p. 445–54
27. Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Sibi M. Myrtaceae. In: Nayar TS, Rasiya Beegam A, Sibi M, editors. Flowering Plants of the Western Ghats, India Vol. 1. Dicots. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute; 2014. p. 669–87
28. Manickam VS, Murugan C, Jothi GJ. Myrtaceae. In: Manickam VS, Murugan C, Jothi GJ, editors. Flora of Tirunelveli Hills (Southern Western Ghats) - Vol. 1 - Polypetalae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 2008. p. 387?95
29. Chora C. Myrtaceae. In: Paul YK, Lakshminarasimhan P, Chowdhery HJ, Dash SS, Singh P, editors. Flora of West Bengal. Vol. 2. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkotta; 2015. p. 318-32
30. Rathakrishnan NC. Myrtaceae. In: Murthy GVS, Nair VJ, editors. The Flora of Kerala. Vol. 2, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata; 2016. p. 349–72
31. Murugan C. New species of Xanthophyllum Roxb.(Xanthophyllaceae) and Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) from Peninsular India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany. 2002;26:413–18
32. Gopalan R, Srinivasan SR. A new species of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) from Seithur Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 2003;100:78–80
33. Kumar ESS, Yeragi SS. Eugenia terpnophylla Thw. (Myrtaceae): a new record for India. Rheedea. 2003;13:39?41
34. Murugan C, Gopalan R. A new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Western Ghats, India. Nordic Journal of Botany. 2005; 23:625–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2003.tb00443.x
35. Gopalan R, Murugan C. Eugenia agasthiyamalayana (Myrtaceae), a new species from the southern Western Ghats of India. Indian Journal of Forestry. 2008;31:641–42
36. Shareef SM, Kumar ESS, Roy PE. Eugenia terpnophylla var. keralensis (Myrtaceae), a new variety from Kerala, India. Nordic Journal of Botany. 2011;29:455–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01126.x
37. Shareef SM, Kumar ESS, Shaju T, Prakashkumar R. Eugenia kalamii (Myrtaceae), a new species from Western Ghats, India. Plant Science Today. 2018;5(4):196–200. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2018.5.4.429
38. Kumar ESS, Veldkamp JF, Shareef SM. Notes on Eugenia gracilis, Eugenia mooniana and Eugenia phillyreoides (Myrtaceae). Webbia. 2014;69(1):101–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2014.895890
39. Murugan C, Arumugam S. Eugenia megamalayana sp. nov. (Myrtaceae) - A new species from the Western Ghats, India. Taiwania. 2019;64(1):4?8
40. Murugesan M, Ravichandran V, Murugan C, Arumugam S. Eugenia velliangiriana (Myrtaceae), a new species from the Western Ghats, India. Webbia. 2019;74(1):23–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1605234
41. Kumar ESS, Shareef SM, Roy PE. Rediscovery and lectotypification of Eugenia argentea Bedd. (Myrtaceae) – An endemic and endangered species of India. Journal of Scientific Research. 2011;3(1):213?16. https://doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6210
42. Byng JW, Wilson PG, Snow N. Typifications and nomenclatural notes on Indian Myrtaceae. Phytotaxa. 2015;217(2):101–16. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.2.1
43. McVaugh R. Nomenclatural notes on Myrtaceae and related families. Taxon. 1956;5(6):133–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/1217674
44. Govaerts R, Sobral N, Ashton P, Barrie F, Holst BK, Landrum LL, et al. World Checklist of Myrtaceae. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; 2008. p. 1-455
45. POWO. Plants of the World Online [Internet]. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew [cited 2020 March 01]. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org
46. Trimen, H. Additions to the flora of Ceylon 1885-88. Journal of Botany. 1889;27:162
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01-07-2020
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Shareef SM, Kumar ESS. The genus Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) in India. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2020 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];7(3):360-7. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/770
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