The aeration effect in pilot reed bed to phytoremediate water containing Lead (Pb)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2015.2.2.84Keywords:
aeration, bioaccumulation, lead, phytoremediation, Scirpus grossus reed bedAbstract
A pilot reed bed study was conducted with the aid of aeration to remove lead (Pb) contaminated water using Scirpus grossus L. f. The plants were grown in sand medium in pilot-scale reed beds, and exposed to water containing Pb in a various concentration (10, 30 and 50 mg/L) with aeration rate of 2 L/min. The samples were taken on day-1, day-14, day-28, day-42, day-70 and day-98. The results showed that Pb concentration in water decreased 74% on day-7, 80% on day-14, 99% on day-28 and reach 100% on day-48 for treatment 10 mg/L. Pb concentration decreased 91% on day-7, 93% on day-14 and then on the day-28 the reduction reached 99% for treatment of 30 mg/L. For Pb treatment of 50 mg/L, the reduction reached 92% on day-7, 96% on day-14, and 99% on day-28. The sand adsorbed Pb up to 7.91×10-4 mg/kg for 10 mg/L, 1.07×10-3 mg/kg for 30 mg/L and 2.41×10-3 mg/kg for 50 mg/L. Pb uptake by plant was 2286 mg/kg on day-98, 4174 mg/L on day-28 and 8297 mg/kg on day-14 for 10, 30 and 50 mg/L, respectively. The highest Bioaccumulation Concentration (BC) was 10618 for 10 mg/L on day-28, 81311 for 30 mg/L and 81467 for 50 mg/L both on day-42, with the Translocation Factor (TF) related to the same day of these BC were 0.13, 0.24, and 0.35 respectively. The highest TF value for 10 mg/L were 0.7 on day-98, 0.38 for 30 mg/L on day-70 and 0.59 for 50 mg/L on day-14.Downloads
References
ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2011. Detailed Data Table for The 2011 Priority List of Hazardous Substances that will be The Subject of Toxicological Profiles. Retrieved from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/spl/resources/ATSDR_2011_SPL_Detailed_Data_Table.pdf
Baldantoni, D., R. Ligrone, and A. Alfani. 2009. Macro- and trace-element concentrations in leaves and roots of Phragmites australis in a volcanic lake in Southern Italy. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 101: 166–174. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.06.007
Cho-Ruk, K., J. Kurukote, P. Supprung, and S. Vetayasuporn. 2006. Perennial plant in the phytoremediation of Lead-contaminated soil. Biotechnology 5(1): 1-4. doi: 10.3923/biotech.2006.1.4
Ecotechnologies International. 2003. Reed Bed Technology. Germany: Ingenieurbüro Blumberg
Fritioff, A., and M. Greger. 2003. Aquatic and terrestrial plant species with potential to remove heavy metals from stormwater. International Journal of Phytoremediation 5 (3): 211–224. doi: 10.1080/713779221 PMid:14750429
Haque, N., J. R. Peralta-Videa, G. L. Jones, T. E. Gill, and L. Jorge Gardea-Torresdey. 2008. Screening the phytoremediation potential of desert broom (Baccharis sarothroides Gray) growing on mine tailings in Arizona, USA. Journal of Environmental Pollution 153(2): 362-368. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.024 PMid:17964035 PMCid:PMC2426961
Jinadasa K. B. S. N., N. Tanaka, M. I. M. Mowjood, D. R. I. and B. Werellagama. 2006b. Free water surface constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment: A tropical case study. Chemistry and Ecology 22(3): 181-191. doi: 10.1080/02757540600658849
Jinadasa, K. B. S. N., N. Tanaka, M. I. M. Mowjood, and D. R. I. B. Werellagama. 2006a. Effectiveness of Scirpus grossus in treatment of domestic wastes in a constructed wetland. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 21(4): 603-612, ISSN 02705060
Jinadasa, K. B., N. Tanaka, S. Sasikala, D. R. Werellagama, M. I. Mowjood, and W. J. Ng. 2008. Impact of harvesting on constructed wetlands performance - a comparison between Scirpus grossus and Typha angustifolia. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A Toxic/ Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 43(6): 664-71. doi: 10.1080/10934520801893808 PMid:18393076
Lismore City Council. 2004. The Use of Reed Beds for the Treatment of Sewage & Wastewater from Domestic Households. Lismore, NSW: Scientific research from Southern Cross University.
Liu, D., W. Jiang, C. Liu, C. Xin, and W. Hou. 2000. Uptake and accumulation of lead by roots, hypocotyls and shoots of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.)]. Bioresource Technology 71: 273–277. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00082-6
Liu, Z., X. He, W. Chen, F. Yuan, K. Yan, and D. Tao. 2009. Accumulation and tolerance characteristics of cadmium in a potential hyperaccumulator—Lonicera japonica Thunb. Journal of Hazardous Materials 169: 170–175. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.090 PMid:19380199
Meyers, D. E. R., G. J. Auchterlonie, R. I. Webb, and B. Wood. 2008. Uptake and localisation of lead in the root system of Brassica juncea. Environmental Pollution 153: 323-332. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.029 PMid:18191314
Rotkittikhun, P., M. Kruatrachue, R. Chaiyarat, C. Ngernsansaruay, P. Pokethitiyook, A. Paijitprapaporn, and A. J. M. Baker. 2006. Uptake and accumulation of lead by plants from the Bo Ngam lead mine area in Thailand. Environmental Pollution 144: 681-688. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.039 PMid:16533549
Salido, A. L., K. L. Hasty, Jae-Min Lim, and D. J. Butcher. 2003. Phytoremediation of Arsenic and Lead in Contaminated Soil Using Chinese Brake Ferns (Pteris vittata) and Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea). International Journal of Phytoremediation 5(2): 89–103. doi: 10.1080/713610173 PMid:12929493
Sharma, P., and R. S. Dubey. 2005. Lead Toxicity in Plant. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 17(1): 35-52. doi: 10.1590/S1677-04202005000100004
Singh, R., D. P. Singh, N. Kumar, S. K. Bhargava, and S. C. Barman. 2010. Accumulation and translocation of heavy metals in soil and plants from fly ash contaminated area. Journal of Environmental Biology 31: 421-430. Triveni Enterprises, Lucknow (India). PMid:21186714
Tanhan, P., M. Kruatrachue, P. Pokethitiyook, R. Chaiyarat. 2007. Uptake and accumulation of cadmium, lead and zink by Siam weed [Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson]. Chemosphere 68(2): 323-329.
Tangahu, B. V. , S. R. Sheikh Abdullah, H. Basri, M. Idris, M., N. Anuar, and M. Mukhlisin. 2013a. Phytoremediation of Wastewater Containing Lead (Pb) in Pilot Reed Bed Using Scirpus Grossus. International Journal of Phytoremediation 15(7): 663-676. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2012.723069
Tangahu, B. V. , S. R. Sheikh Abdullah, H. Basri, M. Idris, M., N. Anuar, and M. Mukhlisin. 2013b. Phytotoxicity of wastewater containing lead (Pb) effects Scirpus grossus. International Journal of Phytoremediation 15(8): 814-826. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2012.736437
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
