Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research communications

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015)

The aeration effect in pilot reed bed to phytoremediate water containing Lead (Pb)

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2015.2.2.84
Submitted
20 September 2014
Published
01-04-2015

Abstract

A pilot reed bed study was conducted with the aid of aeration to remove lead (Pb) contaminated water using Scirpus grossus L. f. The plants were grown in sand medium in pilot-scale reed beds, and exposed to water containing Pb in a various concentration (10, 30 and 50 mg/L) with aeration rate of 2 L/min. The samples were taken on day-1, day-14, day-28, day-42, day-70 and day-98. The results showed that Pb concentration in water decreased 74% on day-7, 80% on day-14, 99% on day-28 and reach 100% on day-48 for treatment 10 mg/L. Pb concentration decreased 91% on day-7, 93% on day-14 and then on the day-28 the reduction reached 99% for treatment of 30 mg/L. For Pb treatment of 50 mg/L, the reduction reached 92% on day-7, 96% on day-14, and 99% on day-28. The sand adsorbed Pb up to 7.91×10-4 mg/kg for 10 mg/L, 1.07×10-3 mg/kg for 30 mg/L and 2.41×10-3 mg/kg for 50 mg/L. Pb uptake by plant was 2286 mg/kg on day-98, 4174 mg/L on day-28 and 8297 mg/kg on day-14 for 10, 30 and 50 mg/L, respectively. The highest Bioaccumulation Concentration (BC) was 10618 for 10 mg/L on day-28, 81311 for 30 mg/L and 81467 for 50 mg/L both on day-42, with the Translocation Factor (TF) related to the same day of these BC were 0.13, 0.24, and 0.35 respectively. The highest TF value for 10 mg/L were 0.7 on day-98, 0.38 for 30 mg/L on day-70 and 0.59 for 50 mg/L on day-14.

References

  1. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2011. Detailed Data Table for The 2011 Priority List of Hazardous Substances that will be The Subject of Toxicological Profiles. Retrieved from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/spl/resources/ATSDR_2011_SPL_Detailed_Data_Table.pdf
  2. Baldantoni, D., R. Ligrone, and A. Alfani. 2009. Macro- and trace-element concentrations in leaves and roots of Phragmites australis in a volcanic lake in Southern Italy. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 101: 166–174. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.06.007
  3. Cho-Ruk, K., J. Kurukote, P. Supprung, and S. Vetayasuporn. 2006. Perennial plant in the phytoremediation of Lead-contaminated soil. Biotechnology 5(1): 1-4. doi: 10.3923/biotech.2006.1.4
  4. Ecotechnologies International. 2003. Reed Bed Technology. Germany: Ingenieurbüro Blumberg
  5. Fritioff, A., and M. Greger. 2003. Aquatic and terrestrial plant species with potential to remove heavy metals from stormwater. International Journal of Phytoremediation 5 (3): 211–224. doi: 10.1080/713779221 PMid:14750429
  6. Haque, N., J. R. Peralta-Videa, G. L. Jones, T. E. Gill, and L. Jorge Gardea-Torresdey. 2008. Screening the phytoremediation potential of desert broom (Baccharis sarothroides Gray) growing on mine tailings in Arizona, USA. Journal of Environmental Pollution 153(2): 362-368. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.024 PMid:17964035 PMCid:PMC2426961
  7. Jinadasa K. B. S. N., N. Tanaka, M. I. M. Mowjood, D. R. I. and B. Werellagama. 2006b. Free water surface constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment: A tropical case study. Chemistry and Ecology 22(3): 181-191. doi: 10.1080/02757540600658849
  8. Jinadasa, K. B. S. N., N. Tanaka, M. I. M. Mowjood, and D. R. I. B. Werellagama. 2006a. Effectiveness of Scirpus grossus in treatment of domestic wastes in a constructed wetland. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 21(4): 603-612, ISSN 02705060
  9. Jinadasa, K. B., N. Tanaka, S. Sasikala, D. R. Werellagama, M. I. Mowjood, and W. J. Ng. 2008. Impact of harvesting on constructed wetlands performance - a comparison between Scirpus grossus and Typha angustifolia. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A Toxic/ Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 43(6): 664-71. doi: 10.1080/10934520801893808 PMid:18393076
  10. Lismore City Council. 2004. The Use of Reed Beds for the Treatment of Sewage & Wastewater from Domestic Households. Lismore, NSW: Scientific research from Southern Cross University.
  11. Liu, D., W. Jiang, C. Liu, C. Xin, and W. Hou. 2000. Uptake and accumulation of lead by roots, hypocotyls and shoots of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.)]. Bioresource Technology 71: 273–277. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00082-6
  12. Liu, Z., X. He, W. Chen, F. Yuan, K. Yan, and D. Tao. 2009. Accumulation and tolerance characteristics of cadmium in a potential hyperaccumulator—Lonicera japonica Thunb. Journal of Hazardous Materials 169: 170–175. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.090 PMid:19380199
  13. Meyers, D. E. R., G. J. Auchterlonie, R. I. Webb, and B. Wood. 2008. Uptake and localisation of lead in the root system of Brassica juncea. Environmental Pollution 153: 323-332. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.029 PMid:18191314
  14. Rotkittikhun, P., M. Kruatrachue, R. Chaiyarat, C. Ngernsansaruay, P. Pokethitiyook, A. Paijitprapaporn, and A. J. M. Baker. 2006. Uptake and accumulation of lead by plants from the Bo Ngam lead mine area in Thailand. Environmental Pollution 144: 681-688. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.039 PMid:16533549
  15. Salido, A. L., K. L. Hasty, Jae-Min Lim, and D. J. Butcher. 2003. Phytoremediation of Arsenic and Lead in Contaminated Soil Using Chinese Brake Ferns (Pteris vittata) and Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea). International Journal of Phytoremediation 5(2): 89–103. doi: 10.1080/713610173 PMid:12929493
  16. Sharma, P., and R. S. Dubey. 2005. Lead Toxicity in Plant. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 17(1): 35-52. doi: 10.1590/S1677-04202005000100004
  17. Singh, R., D. P. Singh, N. Kumar, S. K. Bhargava, and S. C. Barman. 2010. Accumulation and translocation of heavy metals in soil and plants from fly ash contaminated area. Journal of Environmental Biology 31: 421-430. Triveni Enterprises, Lucknow (India). PMid:21186714
  18. Tanhan, P., M. Kruatrachue, P. Pokethitiyook, R. Chaiyarat. 2007. Uptake and accumulation of cadmium, lead and zink by Siam weed [Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson]. Chemosphere 68(2): 323-329.
  19. Tangahu, B. V. , S. R. Sheikh Abdullah, H. Basri, M. Idris, M., N. Anuar, and M. Mukhlisin. 2013a. Phytoremediation of Wastewater Containing Lead (Pb) in Pilot Reed Bed Using Scirpus Grossus. International Journal of Phytoremediation 15(7): 663-676. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2012.723069
  20. Tangahu, B. V. , S. R. Sheikh Abdullah, H. Basri, M. Idris, M., N. Anuar, and M. Mukhlisin. 2013b. Phytotoxicity of wastewater containing lead (Pb) effects Scirpus grossus. International Journal of Phytoremediation 15(8): 814-826. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2012.736437

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.