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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 12 No. sp3 (2025): Advances in Plant Health Improvement for Sustainable Agriculture

Bioprospecting of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria as a potential bioinoculant for enhancing yield and nutrient uptake in rainfed agroecosystems: A review

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.8649
Submitted
3 April 2025
Published
27-10-2025

Abstract

Cotton is a valuable fibre and cash crop vital to the Indian economy, both in agriculture and industry. India is one of the world's largest cotton producers and the crop has significant implications for the rural economy and industrial sectors. It provides the basic raw material to cotton textile industry. In India, it provides direct livelihood to 6 million farmers and about 40-50 million people are employed in cotton trading and its processing. Cotton is mainly cultivated as a rainfed crop in Tamil Nadu. Cotton productivity increased for several years before plateauing from 2015. In Tamil Nadu, during 2022-23, cotton was cultivated over 1.72 lakh hectares, with a production of 3.11 lakh bales and a productivity of 313 kg/ha. Currently, cotton cultivation in Tamil Nadu is primarily threatened by low productivity due to severe climate change, biotic stress, rising temperatures and inconsistent rainfall distribution and water availability in arid and semi-arid areas. In dryland agriculture, drought impedes germination, seedling growth, interferes with photosynthesis and increases CO2 loss through transpiration, thus increasing the competition between vegetative and reproductive aspects for nutrients and carbohydrates. The phyllosphere microflora plays a crucial role in uncovering plant stress mitigation pathways and identifying beneficial microbial strains. However, detailed evidence on the phyllosphere bacterial population of cotton and its role in mitigating abiotic stress remains limited. In this context, the present study focuses on Pink-Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs (PPFMs), which hold significant potential as sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical inputs for enhancing cotton resilience in rainfed agroecosystems.

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