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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Early Access

Agricultural information sources and the knowledge level among paddy farmers in Odisha

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.9250
Submitted
2 May 2025
Published
11-09-2025
Versions

Abstract

Odisha's economy is largely based on paddy cultivation, which employs 83.3 % of the workforce and contributed 21.27 % to the state's GDP (2020-21). Despite its significance, many small and marginal farmers struggle with limited access to timely and reliable agricultural information, affecting their productivity and sustainability. This study explores the sources from which paddy farmers in Odisha obtain their farming knowledge and evaluates how effective these sources are in improving their practices. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we analyzed 372 studies and selected 63 for detailed review. Results show that 56.66 % of farmers turn to Kisan call centers, while 47.50 % use ICT tools for guidance. Television (39.16 %) and mobile phones (43.34 %) remain widely used, but barriers like digital literacy gaps and limited access to modern technology still hinder effective knowledge-sharing. To bridge these gaps, a balanced approach is needed, one that combines digital innovations with traditional extension services. Strengthening participatory models like farmer field schools and agricultural knowledge and information systems (AKIS) can improve knowledge transfer, encourage the adoption of better farming practices and support long-term sustainability. By integrating technology with conventional methods, policymakers and extension workers can create a more inclusive, accessible and effective agricultural information system, enabling farmers to enhance their livelihoods and make well-informed decisions.

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