Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)

Evaluation of biochemical basis of chemical induced basal rot tolerance affecting garlic cultivation in Himachal Pradesh

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.9913
Submitted
8 June 2025
Published
10-09-2025 — Updated on 01-10-2025
Versions

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the biochemical response of chemical inducers for disease resistance in garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Himachal Pradesh. Garlic is the second most grown crop in India, which is known for their high nutritional and medicinal properties. The disease has the potential to cause massive losses in the garlic crop, reducing farmers economic profitability; therefore, management may be required. Biochemical evaluations revealed considerable increase in the phenolic activities of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) upon treatment with various disease resistance inducers especially ß-aminobutyric acid (BABA), acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and salicylic acid (SA), which were significantly correlated with the basal rot tolerance in the susceptible garlic cultivar.

References

  1. 1. Hassan AH. Improving growth and productivity of two garlic cultivars (Allium sativum L.) grown under sandy soil conditions. Middle East J Agric Res. 2015;4(2):332-46.
  2. 2. FAO. World food and agriculture: statistical yearbook 2020. Rome; 2020. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1329en
  3. 3. National Horticulture Board, Area and production of vegetables for the year 2020-2021. Gurugram; 2021.
  4. 4. Zhang B, Zhang Y, Ma L, Qi K, Wang P, Li C, et al. Identification of Pythium species as pathogens of garlic root rot. J Plant Pathol. 2021;103:259-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00729-6
  5. 5. Le D, Audenaert K, Haesaert G. Fusarium basal rot: profile of an increasingly important disease in Allium spp. Trop Plant Pathol. 2021;46:241-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-021-00421-9
  6. 6. Taylor A, Teakle GR, Walley PG, Finch-Savage WE, Jackson AC, Jones JE, et al. Assembly and characterisation of a unique onion diversity set identifies resistance to Fusarium basal rot and improved seedling vigour. Theor Appl Genet. 2019;132:3245-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-019-03422-0
  7. 7. Mahadevan A, Sridhar R. Methods in physiological plant pathology. Madras: Shivakami Publications. 1986:316.
  8. 8. Gauillard F, Richard-Forget F, Nicolas J. New spectrophotometric assay for polyphenol oxidase activity. Anal Biochem. 1993;215(1):59-65. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1993.1554
  9. 9. Hammerschmidt R, Nuckles EM, Kuć J. Association of enhanced peroxidase activity with induced systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum lagenarium. Physiol Plant Pathol. 1982;20(1):73-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-4059(82)90025-X
  10. 10. Murage EN, Masuda M. Response of pepper and eggplant to continuous light in relation to leaf chlorosis and activities of antioxidative enzymes. Sci Hortic. 1997;70(4):269-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(97)00078-2
  11. 11. Swami RM, Mahatma MK, Parekh MJ, Kalariya KA, Mahatma L. Alteration of metabolites and polyphenol oxidase activity in wilt resistant and susceptible pigeonpea genotypes during Fusarium udum infection. Indian J Agric Biochem. 2015;28(1):18-23.
  12. 12. Cao JK, Yan JQ, Zhao YM, Jiang WB. Effects of four pre-harvest foliar sprays with β-aminobutyric acid or salicylic acid on the incidence of post-harvest disease and induced defence responses in jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) fruit after storage. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol. 2013;88(3):338-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2013.11512974
  13. 13. Almoneafy AA, Ojaghian MR, Seng-fu X, Ibrahim M, Guan-Lin X, Yu S, et al. Synergistic effect of acetyl salicylic acid and DL-β-aminobutyric acid on biocontrol efficacy of Bacillus strains against tomato bacterial wilt. Trop Plant Pathol. 2013;38:102-13. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1982-56762013000200003
  14. 14. Raju S, Jayalakshmi SK, Sreeramulu K. Comparative study on the induction of defense-related enzymes in two different cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes by salicylic acid, spermine and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri. Aust J Crop Sci. 2008;2(3):121-40.
  15. 15. Conrath U, Chen Z, Ricigliano JR, Klessig DF. Two inducers of plant defense responses, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and salicylic acid, inhibit catalase activity in tobacco. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92(16):7143-7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.16.7143
  16. 16. Hajji-Hedfi L, Balbool BA, Rhouma A, Hassan A, Dali S, Perniola R, et al. Valorization of native rhizospheric vineyards’ fungi to enhance sustainable biocontrol against downy mildew in Tunisia. Sydowia. 2025;77:161. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.sydowia77-2025-0161
  17. 17. Tamm L, Thürig B, Fliessbach A, Goltlieb AE, Karavani S, Cohen Y. Elicitors and soil management to induce resistance against fungal plant diseases. NJAS Wagen J Life Sci. 2011;58(3-4):131-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2011.01.001
  18. 18. Zhang Z, Yang D, Yang B, Gao Z, Li M, Jiang Y, et al. β-Aminobutyric acid induces resistance of mango fruit to postharvest anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and enhances activity of fruit defense mechanisms. Sci Hortic. 2013;160:78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.05.023

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.