A new species of subaerophytic cyanobacteria under the genus Desertifilum is described from a stone pillar within a temple in western Odisha, India. The blackish crust known as biofilms was isolated from a sub-aerial habitat of Balangir district, western Odisha was characterised by light and electron microscopy. The new taxon was to be closest to Desertifilum tharense (Oscillatorials). The taxon, Desertifilum adhikarii is morphologically distinguished from so far documented species under the genus. The novelty of the species is also supported by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and habitat.