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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp2 (2026): Recent Advances in Agriculture

Assessment of substrate blends and organic supplements on the yield performance of Calocybe indica strains CI-22-09 and CI-22-10

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.12045
Submitted
29 September 2025
Published
23-06-2026

Abstract

Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) is an indigenous tropical fungus that can be grown on a variety of agricultural leftovers. An experiment was carried out using various substrate and additive combinations to assess the efficacy of organic additives and lignocellulosic substrates as sources of carbohydrates, which are essential energy sources for fungal growth and may also improve the overall nutritional profile of the mushroom crop. A variety of lignocellulosic substrates, such as wheat straw and paddy straw, were evaluated in conjunction with organic additives, including rice flour (5 % and 10 %), maize flour (5 % and 10 %), sorghum flour (5 % and 10 %) and pearl millet flour (5 % and 10 %). Wheat straw alone was used as the reference. With a biological efficiency (BE) of 97.10 %, maize flour at 5 % produced the most (971.16 g/kg dry substrate), closely followed by maize flour at 10 % (970.00 g/kg dry substrate; 97.00 % BE). The mixture of rice straw and wheat straw in a 1:4 ratio yielded the best yield (740.00 g/kg dry substrate; 74.00 % BE) when substrate combinations were evaluated. This was followed by the 1:3 ratio (720.00 g/kg dry substrate; 72.00 % BE). The findings showed that adding organic carbohydrate sources to substrates greatly increased the output of sporophores in C. indica growth.

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